Government Unit 1 test review (WHS)

Federalism

Federal system dividing power between national and state governments

Delegated Powers

Federal government responsibilities

Reserved Powers

State government responsibilities

Concurrent Powers

Shared responsibilities between federal and state governments

Dual Federalism

Separate spheres of influence for state and federal governments

Cooperative Federalism

Federal government involved in state policy areas

Supremacy Clause

Federal law overrides state law in conflicts

Full Faith and Credit Clause

States must honor other states' laws and judicial decisions

Necessary and Proper Clause

Congress can stretch powers to fulfill duties

10th Amendment

Powers not listed in the Constitution go to the states

Education

Reserved

Declare War

Delegated

Coin Money

Delegated

Tax Citizens

Concurrent

Criminal Justice System

Concurrent

Conduct Elections

Reserved

Foreign Trade & Policy

Delegated

Issue Licenses

Reserved

Maintain Roads

Concurrent

Establish Local Gov.

Reserved

Maintain Armed Forces

Delegated

McCulloch v Maryland

Strengthened federal power and confirmed implied powers

Separation of Powers

Dividing power between legislative executive and judicial branches

Checks and Balances

System allowing each branch to limit the others

Legislative Branch

Makes laws

Executive Branch

Enforces laws

Judicial Branch

Interprets laws

Veto Power

Executive checks Legislative

Override Veto

Legislative checks Executive

Appoint Supreme Court Justices

Executive checks Judicial

Impeach the President

Legislative checks Executive

Confirm Judicial Appointments

Legislative checks Judicial

Rule Laws Unconstitutional

Judicial checks Legislative

Rule Executive Orders Unconstitutional

Judicial checks Executive

Bicameral

Two-house legislature

Congress

Law-making body

House of Representatives

Handles taxing budgeting war and impeachment charges

Senate

Handles foreign policy impeachment trials and confirmations

House Membership

25 years old 7 years citizen resident of state

Senate Membership

30 years old 9 years citizen resident of state

House Size

435 members based on population

Senate Size

100 members 2 per state

House Term

2 years

Senate Term

6 years

Mike Flood

House

Don Bacon

House

Adrian Smith

House

Deb Fischer

Senate

Pete Ricketts

Senate

Congress Demographics

More diverse than ever with increased representation of women people of color LGBTQ and religious backgrounds

Historical Presidency

Limited executive branch focused on crisis diplomacy and administration

Modern Presidency

Expanded role in domestic and foreign policy starting with FDR

22nd Amendment

Limits president to two terms

25th Amendment

Provides process to replace vice president and remove incapacitated president

War Powers Act

Limits president’s military power with 48-hour notice and 90-day operation limit

Presidential Qualifications

35 years old natural born citizen 14 years residency

Chief Administrator

Executes laws and appoints officials

Commander in Chief

Leads military operations

Chief Diplomat

Makes treaties with Senate approval

Chief Legislator

Vetoes legislation

Articles of Confederation

First attempt at national government

Weaknesses of gov

Gave too much power to states and couldn’t regulate trade