metabolism, enzymes, & biofuels lab

What was the enzyme in the biofuels lab?

Cellobiase

What was the substrate in the biofuels lab?

Cellobiose

What was the purpose of the biofuels lab?

learn about the last steps of breaking down cellulose to glucose

Cellobiose is a..

disaccharide

Did we use real cellobiose in the biofuels lab? Why?

We didn’t use cellobiose, we instead used an artificial substrate that yields a product with color (yellow)

What tool did we use to detect color in the biofuels lab?

A spectrophotometer

What did the first graph measure in the biofuels lab?

absorbance & used standard curve to determine amount of product formed

What did the second graph in the biofuels lab measure?

Rate of reaction, amount of product versus time

What is the role of enzymes in metabolic pathways?

All of the chemical reactions in the cell that manage the material and energy resources of the cell.

Catabolic pathways … molecules

breakdown complex molecules into simpler ones

Anabolic pathways … molecules

build up simple molecules into complex ones

Catabolic pathways … energy

release

Anabolic pathways … energy

consume

An example of a catabolic pathway is…

cellular respiration

An example of an anabolic pathway is…

photosynthesis

A molecule that has a lot of potential energy is

glucose and fats

All of the energy in our ecosystem ultimately comes from….

the sun

Energy is transferred in ecosystems by the…

food chain

through metabolism, energy is released as…

heat

Exergonic reactions

a reaction in which energy given off

Endergonic reaction

energy must be put into the reaction to make it go

In an exergonic reaction, delta G is …

< 0

In an endergonic reaction, delta G is …

> 0

____ breaks down ATP into ADP + Pi

hydrolysis

ATP breaking down into ADP and Pi releases…

energy

What kind of chemical reaction requires ATP?

forming molecules

What kind of transport work requires ATP?

transport of solute across the membrane

How does ATP do chemical work?

Energy Coupling

What is activation energy?

The energy is takes for a reaction to occur

Regulation of enzyme activity helps control…

metabolism

What happens in feedback inhibition?

The end product turns off its own pathway by the inhibitory binding to an early enzyme

first law of thermodynamics

energy cannot be created nor destroyed

second law of thermodynamics

the quality of energy is always decreasing as it changes forms

if delta G < 0, the reaction is catabolic and …

spontaneous

The slot on an enzyme where a substrate binds is called the …

active site

When a substrate binds to an active site, ______ ____ occurs

induced fit

The highest point on an enzyme activity graph is the…

optimal

if temperatures become too high, enzymes …

denature