Cytology

what is cell theory

theory of 3 parts - cell is smallest unit of life that can maintain itself, all living things hv cells, cells come from other cells

what happens when a cell gets too large

it would struggle to survive because its volume would increase much faster than its surface area

why is there a limit to how big cells can get

volume increases faster than surface area

what nutrients go into a cell

carbs, amino acids, fatttyacids,vitamins and minerals;s

what waste products come out of a cell

carbon dioxide (), water (), urea, ammonia, and lactic acid (lactate)

what is the surface area of a cell

4pir²

what is the volume of a cell

4/3pi

what are prokaryotic cells

cells without nucleus

what are eukaryotic cells

cells with nucleus

what does karyo mean

nucleus

what are bacterial cell walls made up of

polysaccharides

what is the cytoplasm made of

water and proteins

what shape is the chromosome inside of bacterial cells

circular

whatis the cell-membrane

semi-permable outer of a cell that dictates what goes through it

what does semi-permeable mean

to pass through

what is the bi-layer made up of

lipids

what do all living ells need to be surrounded by

fluid

what is embedded in cell membrane

proteins

what are enzymes

speed up chemical reactions

what are ion channel

allow ions to pass through

what are transporter proteins

transports proteins

what are receptor site proteins

unique to cells for antibodies/vaccines

what are recognition site proteins

for white blood cells to recognize

what are immunosuppressant drugs

to suppress immune system

what are autoimmune diseases

where immune system attacks body

what is diffusion

movement of substance high to low

what are 4 factors that affect diffusion rate

temp, substance size, conceentration diff, lipid vs water soluble substance