Hurricanes and Tropical Cyclones

These flashcards cover key concepts related to hurricanes, including definitions, effects, and relevant meteorological phenomena.

What is a tropical cyclone?

A large storm system that includes hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones, characterized by organized circulation of clouds and low pressure.

What are the key ingredients for the formation of a tropical cyclone?

Warm ocean water and low vertical wind shear are essential for the formation of a tropical cyclone.

At what wind speed does a tropical cyclone become classified as a hurricane?

A tropical cyclone becomes a hurricane when its sustained wind speeds reach 74 miles per hour.

What is the difference in naming between hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones?

Hurricanes occur in the North Atlantic and Eastern Pacific, typhoons in the Western Pacific, and cyclones in the South Pacific and Indian Ocean.

How does the Coriolis effect influence storms?

The Coriolis effect causes storms to rotate in different directions in different hemispheres; counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

What atmospheric condition promotes the development of hurricanes?

An area of low pressure promotes the formation of hurricanes, leading to stormy, cloudy weather.

What is a storm surge, and why is it dangerous?

A storm surge is the rise of water generated by a storm's winds pushing water onshore, which can lead to flooding and drowning.

What is the typical sea surface temperature threshold for hurricane formation?

The sea surface temperature must be at least 80 degrees Fahrenheit to support hurricane formation.

What characterizes the eye of a hurricane?

The eye of a hurricane is the calm center where there are no clouds and usually clear skies.

What does the term 'wind shear' refer to?

Wind shear refers to the change in speed and direction of winds at different altitudes; low wind shear is favorable for hurricane development.

When does hurricane season begin and end in the Atlantic?

Hurricane season in the Atlantic begins on June 1 and ends on November 30.

What happens to a hurricane when it makes landfall?

When a hurricane makes landfall, it often weakens rapidly due to the loss of warm ocean water and the friction of land.

How do hurricanes typically affect Texas?

Hurricanes commonly affect Texas by bringing strong winds, heavy rains, and storm surges, particularly on the Gulf Coast.