Psych Ch 13

Deinstitutionalization

Many people released from mental institutions

Primary prevention

Reduce societal issues

• Joblessness

• Homelessness

Secondary prevention

Protecting people at-risk

• Those who survived wildfire

Tertiary prevention

Preventing mental disorders from becoming more severe

Psychotherapy

Talking

Somatic treatments

Drugs

Psychoanalysis

Therapy

Free associate

Say everything that comes to mind without thinking

Dream analysis

Patients describe their dreams

Manifest content vs Latent content

Manifest: Literal dream

Latent: The meaning of the dream

Resistance

Refusal of the patient in psychoanalysis

Transference

Patients projects past feelings onto the therapist

Psychodynamic psychologists

See unconscious as the most important element

Humanistic Therapies

Self actualize

All humans are good

Free will

Client centered therapy

Provides client unconditional positive regard (unconditional love)

Gestalt Therapy

Encourages importance of the body + present momment

Existential therapies

Goal is to find “life’s purpose”

Behavioral Therapies

Focus on conditioning

Counter conditioning

Replacing an unpleasant response w a pleasant one

• Candy after a shot

Systematic desensitization

Teaches the client to relax

Vivo desensitization

Confronting feared objects

Covert desensitization

Client imagines fear

Flooding

Putting client in extreme anxiety situation first

Extinguished

When a fear is gone

Aversive conditioning

Pairing bad habit with unpleasant reaction

• Bitter nail polish

Attribution style

The way someone explains events / results

Cognitive therapy

Focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors to improve emotional regulation and develop personal coping strategies.

Cognitive triad

Beliefs + world + futures

Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)

Show clients the reality of their fears

• Public speaking isn’t that bad

Somatic Therapies

Promote changes to biology

Psychopharmacology / Chemotherapy

Drugs

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Electrical current passed through both hemispheres

• Used to treat severe depression

• Last resort

Psychosurgery

Destroys part of the brain to alter a person’s behavior

Prefrontal Lobotomy

Cuts neurons in the frontal lobe of brain

• Vegetative state

• Calming

Psychiatrists

• Perscribe

• Biomedical

Clinical Psychologists

• More severe issues

• PhD

Counseling Therapist

• School, marriage, family, etc.

Psychoanalyst

• Trained in Freudian methods (Free association, dream analysis, transference)