macromolecules

Carbohydrates

• CHO (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen)

• monomer: simple sugars

• polymer: starches, sugars, cellulose, etc.

• provide body with energy

• store and release energy

• provide structural support and protection

Lipids

• CHO (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen)

• monomer: glycerol and fatty acids

• polymer: waxes, oils, and fats

• stabilize the cell and maintain homeostasis

• long term energy storage

• form parts of membranes and waterproof coverings

Nucleic Acid

• CHONP (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphate)

• monomer: nucleotides

• polymer: DNA or RNA

• stores and carries genetic info

• usually chromosomes

Proteins

• CHON (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen)

• monomer: amino acids (20 types)

• polymer: collagen, hair, etc.

• shape determined by function

• build and repair muscle and tissue

• structure

• function

• support

• fight disease

• receptors

• control reactions

• regulation

Macromolecules

building blocks for cells and organelles

Monomer

base unit or subunit

Polymer

chain of many base units

primary structure - proteins

• polypeptide chain

secondary structure - proteins

• polypeptide coils or sheets

tertiary structure - proteins

• tangle of polypeptide coils or sheets

quaternary structure - proteins

• one or more tangles of polypeptide tangles combined