VTNE Medical Calculations

How many milligrams of a drug should be given to a patient who weighs 22 lb if the dose is0.2 mg/kg?

a. 2

b. 4.4

c. 20

d. 44

a 22 lb divided by 2.2 lb/kg X 0.2 mg/kg = 2 mg

A cat on intravenous fluids must receive 30 ml/hr normal saline. If this cat has a drip set that provides 60 drops/ml, what should the driprate be?

a. 1 drop/2 sec

b. 1 drop/6 sec

c. 3 drops/sec

d. 16 drops/sec

b 1 tbs = 3 tsp

A 75-lb dog must be dewormed. If the daily dose of the dewormer is 1 tsp/25 lb of body weight for 3 days, approximately how much should be given each day?

a. 3 tbs

b. 1 tbs

c. 5 tsp

d. 1 tsp

a (30 ml/h) X (60 dr/sec) / (3600 sec/h) = 0.5 drop/sec or 1 drop/2 sec

The concentration of furosemide (Lasix) is 5%. How many milligrams are in 0.5 ml?

a. 150

b. 2.5

c. 25

d. 50

c 5% = 50 mg/1 ml or 25 mg/0.5 ml

How many milliliters of a drug with a concentration of 100 mg/ml should be given to a 75-lb dog at a dose of 1 mg/lb?

a. 75

b. 100

c. 0.75

d. 0.34

c (75 lb) X (1 mg/lb) / (100 mg/ml) = 0.75 ml

A prescription in which 3 ml of lactulose are given orally twice daily will require how many ounces to last at least 30 days?

a. 3

b. 6

c. 90

d. 180

b (3 ml X 2 per day) X 30 days = 180 ml / 30 ml/oz = 6 oz

A commercial dog food is 420 kcal/cup. A dog weighing 60 lb fed at a rate of 70 kcal/lb/day should be fed how many cups at each meal if you feed him twice a day?

a. 5

b. 10

c. 2

d. 1

a (60 lb) X (70 kcal/lb/day) / (420 kcal/cup) / 2 feedings/day = 5 cups

A cockatiel needs 100 mg/kg piperacillin via intramuscular injection. If the bird weighs 80 g, and the concentration of piperacillin is 100 mg/ ml, how many milliliters should be given?

a. 0.08

b. 0.8

c. 80

d. 1.6

a 80 g / 1000 g/kg X 100 mg/kg / 100 mg/ml = 0.08 ml

A rabbit needs 300 μg/kg of a 1% ivermectin solution. If the rabbit weighs 8 lb, how many milliliters of ivermectin should be given?

a. 8

b. 10

c. 0.1

d. 0.8

c 8 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X 300 μg/kg / 1000 μg/mg / 10 mg/ml = 0.1 ml

How many milliliters of a 50% dextrose solution are needed to make 1000 ml of a 5% dextrose solution?

a. 1

b. 10

c. 50

d. 100

d 5% = 50 mg/ml X 1000 ml/L + 50,000 mg/L;

50,000 mg/L / 500 mg (50% = 500 mg/ml) = 100 ml;

(100 ml 50% dextrose + 900 ml water = 1000 ml of 5% dextrose)

Six 12-oz puppies need deworming medication. If the dose is 1 ml/lb, how many milliliters do you dispense?

a. 12

b. 4.5

c. 6

d. 3

b 12 oz / 16 oz/lb X 1 ml/lb X 6 puppies = 4.5 ml

To make a solution with a concentration of15 mg/ml, how many milliliters of sterile water should be added to 30 g of powdered drug?

a. 5

b.. 200

c. 150

d. 2000

d 30 g X 1000 mg/g / 15 mg/ml = 2000 ml

How many tablets would you dispense for a 30-day supply of a drug with a dose of one and one-half tablets three times daily?

a. 500

b. 45

c. 135

d. 90

c 1.5 tablets/dose X 3 doses/day X 30 days

= 135 tablets

One gram of powdered drug diluted with how many milliliters of sterile water will make a concentration of 20 mg/ml?

a. 0.05

b. 0.2

c. 100

d. 50

d 1 g X 1000 mg/g / 20 mg/ml = 50 ml

You regularly order six 10-ml vials per month of a drug that has a concentration of 50 mg/ml. Now that same drug is available in only 20-ml vials of 10 mg/ml. How many vials should you order this month to get the same total amount of drug?

a. 150

b. 60

c. 10

d. 15

d 6 vials X 10 ml X 50 mg/ml = 3000 mg;

20 ml X 10 mg/ml = 200 mg;

3000 / 200 = 15 vials

If a dog that receives fluids at a rate of 120 ml/hr has a rate reduction of 20%, what would be the new rate in milliliters per hour?

a. 1.6

b. 0.4

c. 24

d. 96

d 20% of 120 ml/hr = 0.2 X 120 ml/hr = 24 ml/hr;

120 ml/hr - 24 ml/hr = 96 ml/hr

A cat that weighs 5 kg is given 0.1 ml of a drug with a concentration of 10 mg/ml. What dose did this cat receive?

a. 0.05 mg/kg

b. 0.2 mg/kg

c. 2 mg/kg

d. 25 mg/kg

b 0.1 ml / 5 kg X 10 mg/ml = 0.2 mg/kg

You give 5 mg of a drug to a 10-kg animal. What is the dose of the drug in mg/kg?

a. 2

b. 10

c. 0.5

d. 50

c 5 mg / 10 kg = 0.5 mg/kg

A bird that weighs 50 g requires a particular drug at 4 mg/kg divided twice a day. What is the morning dose?

a. 1 mg

b. 4 mg

c. 0.1 mg

d. 100 mg

c 50 g / 1000 g/kg X 4 mg/kg = 0.2 mg / 2 = 0.1 mg

How long will it take to give a whole blood transfusion of 60 ml at a rate of 2 ml/min?

a. 30 hours

b. 3 hours

c. 1/2 hour

d. 1.8 hours

c 60 ml / 2 ml/min / 60 min/hr = 0.5 hr

If a prescription calls for one tablet to be given for 3 days bid, then one tablet for 5 days sid, then one-half tablet given every other day for 2 weeks, how many tablets should be dispensed?

a. 15

b. 18

c. 20

d. 11

a 6 + 5 + (7 X 0.5) = 14.5

Fifty milliliters of a solution of 50% dextrose is added to a liter of 0.45% NaCl with 2.5% dextrose to yield a solution with a final dextrose concentration of what percent?

a. 3%

b. 4.8%

c. 5%

d. 10%

b (500 mg/ml X 50 ml) + (25 mg/ml X 1000 ml) = (50,000 mg)/1050 L = 47.6 mg/ml = 4.76%

A dog consumes five bowls of water in a 24-hour period. Each bowl contained exactly 100 ml. If you collect 475 ml of urine over the same 24-hour period, approximately how many milliliters constitute insensible loss?

a. 475

b. 500

c. 25

d. 5

c 500 - 475 = 25

If you measure an animal and set the x-ray machine at 70 kVp and 1/60 second and the resulting radiograph is 20% too light, what should the new kVp be increased to?

a. 84

b. 87

c. 90

d. 114

a (70 kVp X 20/100) = 14; 70 + 14 = 84

Tidal volume for a dog is 15 ml/kg. If a 10-kg male dog is taking 10 breaths per minute, what is his minute volume?

a. 150 ml/min

b. 1500 ml/min

c. 15 ml/min

d. 10 ml/min

b (15 ml/breath) X 10 kg = (150 ml/breath) X 10 breaths/min = 1500 ml/min

The 10-kg dog in the previous question has a diaphragmatic hernia, and his tidal volume is now only 10 ml/kg. If this dog were on a ventilator, what should his breathing rate be changed to?

a. 15 breaths/min

b. 5 breaths/min

c. 8 breaths/min

d. 100 breaths/min

a (10 kg) X (10 ml/kg) = 100 ml/breath; 1500 ml/min / 100 ml/breath = 15 breaths/min

An anesthesia machine is set to deliver 1 L/min oxygen and 3% isoflurane. Approximately how many milliliters of isoflurane will be used for a 1-hour procedure?

a. 30

b. 180

c. 2400

d. 1800

d 3% = (30 ml/1000 ml) X 1000 ml/min X 60 min/hr = 1800 ml/hr

A 300-g bird must be tube fed 2 ml liquid formula per 100 g body weight three times daily. One gram of powdered formula will yield 15 ml of liquid formula after reconstitution, which is good for 24 hours only. How many grams of powdered formula should you measure out for a 24-hour period, assuming no waste?

a. 0.8

b. 0.4

c. 2.5

d. 1.2

d 2 ml/100 g X 300 g X 3 = (18 ml) / (15 ml/g) = 1.2 g

A cat with a gastrotomy tube must receive300 kcal daily. A 15-oz can of the prescribed diet has 1500 kcal. The prescribed diet must be diluted 50:50 with water to flow through the tube, and a maximum of 45 ml can be given at one feeding. Approximately how many feedings does this cat need daily?

a. 10

b. 8

c. 4

d. 2

c 1500 kcal/15 oz / 15 = 100 kcal/oz;

300 kcal needed / 100 kcal/oz = 3 oz needed; 3oz X 30ml/oz = 90ml X 2(dilution) = 180 ml;

180 ml / 45 ml/feeding = 4 feedings

If the cat in the previous question requires an additional 160 ml water daily, how many additional 45-ml boluses of water must be given?

a. 3.5

b. 2.5

c. 1.5

d. 5.5

a 160 ml / 45 ml/feeding = 3.5

Five tonometer readings in millimeters of mercury are 14, 15, 19, 14, and 18. What is the average (mean) reading?

a. 17

b. 18

c. 16

d. 15

c (15 + 14 + 14 + 19 + 18) / 5 = 16mmHg

A patient requires 3 units of insulin every12 hours. If the concentration of insulin is 100 units/ml, how many milliliters should be given at each administration?

a. 0.3

b. 30

c. 0.03

d. 0.15

c 3 units / 100 units/ml = 0.03 ml

If the concentration of the insulin in the previous question were 30 units/ml, what would the volume of insulin given at each administration be?

a. 0.1

b. 10

c. 0.05

d. 0.01

a 3 units / 30 units/ml = 0.1 ml

A diagnostic laboratory requires 1 ml of serum to run a chemistry panel. A bird with a PCV of 50% would need how many full HCT tubes collected to have enough serum for the

est? (Each HCT tube holds 0.1 ml of whole blood.)

a. 100

b. 20

c. 10

d.5

b 0.1 ml X 50/100 (50%) = 0.05 ml; 1 ml/0.05 ml = 20 tubes

A 20-kg dog with a PCV of 40% has 300 mlof blood collected. The red blood cells are separated from the serum. What volume of saline would you add to the red cells to make a PCV of 50%?

a. 360 ml

b. 240 ml

c. 180 ml

d. 120 ml

d 300 ml X 40/100 (40%) = 120 ml / 0.5 (50%) = 240 ml - 120 ml cells = 120 ml saline

You are taking the heart rate of a cat. If you count 10 beats in 5 seconds, what is the rate in beats per minute?

a. 50

b. 120

c. 300

d. 220

b 10 beats/5 sec X 60 sec/min = 120 beats per minute

Six blood pressure readings are 115, 120, 123, 121, 121, and 112 mm Hg. What is the average (mean) value?

a. 123

b. 120

c. 121

d. 119

d (115 + 120 + 123 + 121 + 121 + 112) / 6 = 118.66 mm Hg

A growth in the skin is 2 inches in diameter. What is the diameter of the growth in centimeters?

a. 2.5

b. 30

c. 20

d. 5

d 2.5 cm/in. X 2 in. = 5 cm

The veterinary dermatologist is having you pre- pare a dog for a patch test. Forty antigens need to be tested, and each antigen must be 1 cm from the next. What size patch should you shave on the dog?

4 cm X 4 cm

20 cm X 20 cm

8 cm X 5 cm

16cm X 10cm

c 8 X 5 = 40 cm

A 16-oz bottle contains how many milliliters?

a. 480

b. 240

c. 40

d. 1.6

a 16 oz X 30 ml/1 oz = 480 ml

Four hundred pounds is how many kilograms?

a. 880

b. 182

c. 600

d. 18

b 400 lb / 2.2 lb/kg = 181.8 kg round up to 182 kg

A commercial poultry diet contains 18 g of calcium per pound of feed on an as-fed basis. If calcium carbonate, the sole calcium source, is 60% elemental calcium, how much calcium carbonate is in 1 ton of feed?

a. 21.6 kg

b. 30g

c. 6000 g

d. 18 kg

a 18 g X 60/100 (60%) = 10.8 g/lb X 2000 lb/ ton = 21,600 g/ton / 1,000 g/kg = 21.6 kg/ton

In a feed that has 20 lb of corn, 5 lb of beet pulp, 1 lb bone meal, and 2 lb of whey, approximately what percent is corn?

a. 98%

b. 28%

c. 40%

d. 71%

d (20 + 5 + 1 + 2) = 28 total lb;

20 lb of corn / 28 lb total = 71.4%

Approximately how many ounces of bleach diluted with water make 1 gallon of a 30% bleach solution (1 qt = 32 oz)?

a. 19

b. 38

c. 3

d. 76

b 32 oz/qt X 4 qt/gal = (128 oz/gal) x 30/100 = 38.4 oz

A dose of 30 mEq KCl has been added to 1 L of normal saline. What drip rate would provide a patient with 2 mEq KCl/hr?

a. 15 ml/hr

b. 67 ml/hr

c. 6.7 ml/hr

d. 60 ml/hr

b 30 mEq/L = 0.03 mEq/ml;

2 mEq/hr / 0.03 mEq/ml = 66.667 round up to 67 ml/hr

You have an injectable calcium solution that is 30 mg/ml. How much do you add to 1 L of lactated Ringer solution to deliver 4 mg/hr of calcium at a fluid rate of 30 ml/hr?

a. 133

b. 13.3

c. 4.4

d. 0.67

c 4 mg/hr at 30 ml/hr = 4 mg/30 ml = 133.3 mg/1000 ml;

133.3 mg / 30 mg/ml = 4.4 ml

A 5% dextrose solution is diluted with sterile water. The volume of the sterile water added is 40% of the volume of the 5% dextrose solution. What approximately is the new dextrose concentration?

a. 1.4%

b. 2.3%

c. 3.6%

d. 6.5%

c 5% = 50 mg/ml X 100 ml = 5000 mg / (100 ml + 40 ml) = 35.7 mg/ml = 3.57% round up to 3.6%

The volume of an injection for a small iguana is 0.005 ml. This amount is too small to measure accurately. What dilution would allow you to give a volume of 0.05 ml?

a. 1:10

b. 1:100

c. 1:1000

d. 1:50

a 0.005 ml x 10 = 0.05 ml

Ten cockatiels consume a total of approximately 60 ml of water per day. How many milligrams of tetracycline powder should you add to the daily measured drinking water so each 100-g bird gets 10 mg/kg/day?

a. 100

b. 10

c. 60

d. 36

b 10 mg/kg/day / 1000 g/kg X 100 g/bird

= 1 mg/day X 10 birds = 10 mg

You need to deworm 100 head of cattle with a pour-on product that is applied at a rate of1 ml/100 lb and is sold in 250-ml bottles. The cattle weigh 825 to 1050 lb each. Approximately how many bottles of dewormer should you purchase?

a. 4

b.8

c. 10

d. 16

a 1050 lb + 825 lb / 2 = 938 lb X 100 head of cattle = 93,800 lb / 100 lb/ml = 938 ml / 250 ml/bottle = 3.75 bottles

The level of fluid in the 1-L IV bag reads halfway between the 4 and 5 marks. How much fluid remains in the bag?

a. 1000 ml

b. 550 ml

c. 450 ml

d. 0.5 L

b. 550 ml

The level of fluid in the 1-L IV bag reads at the 700 mark. How much fluid has been given?

a. 700 ml

b. 300 ml

c. 0.3 L

d. 300 cc

a. 700 ml

How many milligrams of dextrose does 1 ml of 50% dextrose solution contain?

a. 5 mg/ml

b. 50 mg/ml

c. 500 mg/ml

d. 5000 mg/ml

c 50% = 50 g/100 ml or 50,000 mg/100 ml;

50,000 mg/100 ml / 100 ml = 500 mg/ml

The "French" unit is commonly used to express the diameter of a urinary catheter. Each French unit is equivalent to 1/3 mm. What is the diameter of a 12 French catheter in millimeters?

a. 3 mm

b 4 mm

c. 18 mm

d. 36 mm

b French size / 3 = diameter in millimeters, so 12 French / 3 = 4 mm

What is the correct volume of epinephrine, in milliliters, to administer to a 28-lb dog, if the dose is 0.1 mg/kg and the concentration in the bottle is 1:1000 (1 mg/ml)?

a. 2.8

b. 1.4

c. 1.3

d. 0.28

c 28 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X 0.1 mg = 1.27 mg / 1 mg/ml = 1.27 ml

How many milligrams of epinephrine are administered in the previous calculation?

a. 0.13

b. 2.8

c. 0.41

d. 1.3

d 1.27 ml X 1 mg/ml = 1.27 mg

How many milligrams of doxapram (Dopram) should be administered to a 7-lb cat, if the dose range is 1 to 5 mg/kg IV and the concentration in the bottle is 20 mg/ml?

a. 9.5

b. 0.59

c. 21

d. 0.21

a 7 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X 1 to 5 mg/kg = 3.18 mg to

16 mg

How many milliliters will be administered in the previous calculation?

a. 1.3

b. 2.1

c. 0.95

d. 0.48

d 3.18 to 16 mg / 20 mg/ml = 0.16 ml to 0.8 ml

How many milliliters of a 50:50 mixture of diazepam and ketamine at a dose of 1 ml/20 lb should be given to an 8-lb cat?

a. 0.4 ml diazepam; 0.4 ml ketamine

b. 0.2 ml diazepam; 0.2 ml ketamine

c. 2 ml diazepam; 2 ml ketamine

d. 1 ml diazepam; 1 ml ketamine

b 8 lb / 20 = 0.4 ml total / 2 = 0.2 ml each

The suggested oxygen flow rate for a circle rebreathing system is 25 to 50 ml/kg/min and 130 to 300 ml/kg/min for a nonrebreathing system. What is the most appropriate flow setting for a 10-lb cat?

a. 0.3 L

b. 900 ml

c. 3 L

d. 0.9 ml

b 10 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X (130 - 300 ml/kg/min) = (590 - 1364 ml); the nonrebreathing system should be used because of the animal's size

Using the same suggested oxygen flow rates as in the previous question, what is the most appropriate oxygen flow rate for a 32-lb spaniel?

a. 8 L

b. 1.6 L

c. 435 ml

d. 0.435 ml

c 32 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X (25 to 50 ml/kg/min) = 364 ml to 727 ml; the circle system may be used for an animal of this size.

You have just administered an injection of 0.02 ml of acepromazine (10 mg/ml). How many milligrams did you give?

a. 2

b. 0.2

c. 20

d. 200

b 0.02 ml X 10 mg = 0.2 mg

ou have just administered one tablet of 64.8 mg of phenobarbital. How many grains of drug did you deliver?

a. 0.25

b. 0.5

c. 0.6

d. 1

d 1 gr = 64.8 mg

A 0.25 gr (grain) of phenobarbital is how many milligrams?

a. 15.2

b. 14

c. 16.2

d. 32.4

c 64.8 mg / 4 = 16.2 mg

Lidocaine of 2% is prescribed for a 13-lb beagle at a dose of 2 mg/kg IV. How many milliliters will you deliver?

a. 1.6

b. 0.16

c. 0.6

d. 6

c 13 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X 2 mg/kg = 11.8 mg / 20 mg/ml = 0.59 ml

You just administered 1.2 ml of penicillin (300,000 U/ml). How many units did you administer?

a. 260,000

b. 360,000

c. 360

d. 0.26

b 1.2 ml x 300,000 U/ml

What unit of measure is most commonly used for serum potassium?

a. French

b. mEq

c. International units

d. German

b. mEq

Your patient is a 42-lb Shepherd mix witha history of vomiting. The order reads: metoclopramide HCl (5 mg/ml); give0.3 mg/kg IM q6h prn. How many milliliters will you deliver?

a. 8

b. 1

c. 5

d. 2

b 42 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X 0.3 mg = 5.7 mg / 5 mg/ml = 1.1 ml

In the situation in the previous question, how many milligrams will you deliver?

a. 8

b. 1

c. 5.7

d. 2

c 42 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X 0.3 mg/kg = 5.7 mg

NPH insulin is labeled 100 units/ml. The order is for a 12-lb poodle and reads: NPH insulin 1 unit/kg qd. How many units do you deliver?

a. 4

b.3

c. 5.5

d. 6

c 12 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X 1 unit/kg

How many milliliters will you draw up to deliver the number of units in the previous question?

a. 4

b. 3

c. 6

d. 0.05

d 5.5 units / 100 units/ml = 0.05 ml

You are preparing an insulin drip. If you add 1 unit of insulin per 100 ml of IV fluid, how many units will you add to the 1-L bag of fluids?

a. 100

b. 1

c. 10

d. 1000

c 1000 ml / 100 ml = 10

The insulin drip prepared in the previous question is to be administered at 1 unit/hr. How many milliliters will this be per hour?

a. 1

b. 10

c. 0.01

d. 100

d 1 unit/100 ml

What would be the drip rate per second for 6 units of insulin using the drip prepared in Question 72 (1 unit/100 ml) administered over a 2-hour period using a 60 gtt (drops)/ml administration set?

a. 1 gtt/sec

b. 0.5 gtt/sec

c. 1.5 gtt/sec

d. 5 gtt/sec

d 6 units X 100 ml/unit = 600 ml X 60 gtt/ml

= 36,000 gtt / 7200 seconds = 5 gtt/sec

A cat in end-stage renal disease is receiving epoetin (2000 units/ml). The dose is 100 units/kg. Your patient weighs 5.5 lb. How many units will you deliver?

a. 250

b. 25

c. 0.25

d. 100

a 5.5 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X 100 units/kg = 250 units

How many milliliters will you draw up to administer 25 units of epoetin (2000 units/ml)?

a. 2.5

b. 0.25

c. 0.01

d. 0.1

c 25 units / 2000 units/ml = 0.0125 ml

Potassium gluconate is administered 1/4 tsp per 4.5 kg po bid. How many milliliters will you deliver in 1 day to a 10-lb cat?

a. 4.5

b. 2

c. 0.15

d. 2.5

d 10 / 2.2 = 4.5 kg; 1/4 tsp = 1.25 ml (1 tsp

= 5 ml) per dose X 2 = 2.5 ml/day

If the potassium is labeled 5 mEq/5 ml, how many milliequivalents of potassium are delivered in 2 ml?

a. 2.0

b. 0.2

c. 20

d. 5.5

a 5 mEq / 5 ml = 1 mEq/ml; 2 ml

X concentration (1 mEq/ml) = 2 mEq

Chemotherapy medications are dosed by

a. ml/kg

b. cc/lb

c. Body surface area

d. mg/ml

c square meters = conversion from body weight

to body surface area

What is the fluid deficit in milliliters for a 33-lb dog with 9% dehydration?

a. 297

b. 1350

c. 135

d. 330

b 33 lb / 2.2 lb/kg = 15 kg X 0.09 (deficit)

= 1.35 kg fluid loss X 1000 ml/kg of fluid

To prepare 128 oz of a 1:7 dilution of iodine and alcohol, you would use

a. 480 oz iodine, 3360 oz alcohol

b. 12.8 oz of iodine, 115.2 oz of alcohol

c. 128 ml of iodine, 896 ml alcohol

d. 480 ml iodine, 3360 ml alcohol

d 128 X 30 ml/oz = 3840 ml / 8 = 480 ml iodine;

3840 ml total volume - 480 ml of iodine = 3360 ml of alcohol

What is the fluid deficit for a 10-lb cat with 12% dehydration?

a. 120 ml

b. 60 ml

c. 545 ml

d. 1200 ml

c 10 lb / 2.2 lb/kg X 0.12 (deficit) X 1000 ml/kg

To prepare 1 cup of instrument milk using the suggested 1:6 dilution ratio, yo would use

a. 1 oz milk, 6 oz water

b. 34.3 ml milk, 205.7 ml water

c. 30 ml milk, 210 ml water

d. 1 ml milk, 6 ml water

b 1 cup = 8 oz X 30 ml/oz = 240 ml divided by 7 total parts = 34.3 ml milk; 240 ml total - 34.3 ml = 205.7 ml water

You need to deliver 450 ml of 5% glucose. You have on hand a liter of sterile water and a 500-ml bottle of 50% glucose. Which of the following is the correct preparation?

a. 45 ml of 50% glucose in 405 ml sterile water

b. 0.45 ml of 50% glucose in 40.5 ml sterile water

c. 90 ml of 50% glucose in 360 ml of sterile water

d. 4.5 ml of 50% glucose in 445.5 ml sterile water

a 450 ml X 50 mg/ml (5%) / 500 mg/ml (50%) = 45 ml 50% glucose

A 25% solution of sulfamethazine contains how many milligrams of sulfamethazine per milliliter?

a. 2500 mg/ml

b. 250 mg/ml

c. 25 mg/ml

d. 2.5 mg/ml

b 25% solution = 25 g/100 ml = 250 mg/ml

How much sodium chloride is required to produce 5 L of 0.85% saline solution?

a. 42.5 mg

b. 4.25 kg

c. 425 mg

d. 42.5 g

d 0.85% solution = 8.5 mg/ml X 5000 ml

= 42,500 mg / 1000 mg/g = 42.5 g

What volume of a 1.2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution can be made from 600 mg of NaOH?

a. 50 ml

b. 5 ml

c. 250 ml

d. 500 ml

a 1.2% solution = 1.2 g/100 ml = 1200 mg/100

ml = 600 mg/50 ml

What volume of distilled water must be added to a 5-g vial of thiopental sodium to create a 2.5% solution?

a. 40 ml

b. 200 ml

c. 250 ml

d. 500 ml

b 2.5% solution = 2.5 g/100 ml = 5 g/200 ml

A stock solution was diluted 1:5, then 1:3, then 1:2, and finally 1:6 to produce a final concentration of 0.4 mg/ml. The original concentration of the stock solution was

a. 0.025 %

b. 6.4 mg/ml

c. 7.2 %

d. 7.2 mg/ml

c Total dilution = (1:5) X (1:3) X (1:2) X (1:6) = 1:180. Total dilution factor (DF) = 180. Original concentration = Final concentration DF; 0.4 mg/ml (final concentration X 180 [DF]) = 72 mg/ml = 7.2%

What volume of water must be added to 12.5 ml of a 6% stock solution to produce a 0.5% solution?

a. 150 ml

b. 137.5 ml

c. 37.5 ml

d. 6.25 ml

b C1V1 = C2V2; 6% X 12.5 ml = 0.5% X V2;

V2 (final volume) = 150 ml;

150 ml - 12.5 ml stock = 137.5 ml water

A 30% stock solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) was diluted four times as follows: 0.1 ml of stock was added to 0.4 ml of distilled water; 4.5 ml of distilled water was added; the resulting solution was diluted 1:3; the resulting solution was again diluted to 0.06 L. The final concentration of the solution was

a. 1.36%

b. 50 mg/ml

c. 5 mg/ml

d. 0.05%

d Total dilution = (1:5) X (1:10) X (1:3) X (1:4) = 1:600;[F] = [O]X 1/D = 30% X 1/600 = 0.05%

What volume of 4.5% potassium chloride (KCl) solution is needed to prepare 0.75 L of a 9-mg/ ml KCl solution?

a. 15 ml

b. 375 ml

c. 1.5 ml

d. 150 ml

d C1V1 = C2V2; 45 mg/ml X V1 = 9 mg/ml X 750 ml; V1 (volume of stock) = 150 ml

The concentration of a culture medium produced by dissolving 2.5 g in 0.4 L of distilled water is

a. 0.15%

b. 0.625%

c. 0.16%

d. 6.25%

b 2.50 g/400 ml = 0.625 g/100 ml = 0.625%

The amount of glucose to be weighed out to produce 500 ml of a 4.5% solution is

a. 22.5 g

b. 2.25 g

c. 0.225 kg

d. 22.5 mg

a 4.5% solution = 4.5 g/100 ml; 4.5 X 5 = 22.5 g/500 ml

A stock solution was diluted four times as follows: 18 ml of distilled water was added to2 ml of stock; the resulting solution was diluted 1:3; 240 ml of distilled water was added; the resulting solution was diluted to 0.9 L. If the final concentration of the diluted solution was determined to be 100 μg/ml, the original concentration of the stock solution was

a. 4.5 mg/ml

b. 4.5%

c. 60 mg/ml

d. 0.21%

b Total dilution = (1:10) X (1:3) X (1:5) X (1:3) = 1:450;

Total dilution factor = 450;

[O] = [F] X DF = 100 μg/ml X 450 = 45,000 μg/ml = 45 mg/ml = 4.5%

What volume of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is in 275 ml of a 12% v/v solution?

a. 33 ml

b. 22.9 ml

c. 3.3 ml

d. 4.36 ml

a 12% v/v solution = 12 ml/100 ml = Xml/275 ml; 100X = 12 X 275; 12 X 275 = 3,300/100 = 33 ml

The concentration of a glucose solution produced when 4500 mg of glucose is dissolved in 3.6 L of water is

a. 0.8%

b. 0.008%

c. 0.125%

d. 1.25%

c 4500 mg/3.6 L = 4.5 g/3600 ml = 0.125 g/100 ml = 0.125%

The basic unit of mass in the metric system is the

a. Kilogram

b. Gram

c. Milligram

d. Microgram

b The gram is the basic unit of mass in the metric system;

1 kilogram = 10 to power 3 grams;

1 milligram = 10 to power -3 grams;

1 microgram = 10 to power -6 grams

50 g is equal to

a. 0.005 kg

b. 0.05 kg

c. 500,000 mg

d. 5,000,000 μg

b 1 kg = 1000 g

The mean cellular hemoglobin (MCH) for a particular blood sample is calculated to be 24.3 pg. This is equal to

a. 24,300 mg

b. 2430 μg

c.24.3 X 1012g

d. 24.3 X 10-12 g

d pg = picogram; 1 pg = 10 to power -12 g; 24.3 pg

= 24.3 X 10 to power -12g