Ethics and Religious Teachings Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing key vocabulary and concepts related to ethics, religious teachings, the Ten Commandments, and moral development.

Ten Commandments

A set of biblical principles relating to ethics and worship, which play a fundamental role in Judaism and Christianity.

Life and Dignity of the Human Person

The principle that every human life is sacred and has inherent dignity, beginning from conception to natural death.

Conscience

An internal sense of right and wrong that guides individual moral judgments and decisions.

Ethics

External systems or frameworks of moral principles and values that provide guidelines on right and wrong for individuals or societies.

Solidarity

A principle encouraging collective responsibility and unity among individuals, regardless of differences, to promote justice and peace.

The Dignity of Work and the Rights of Workers

The principle that work is more than a means to earn a living; it is a way of participating in God's creation and comes with rights to fair conditions.

Option for the Poor and Vulnerable

The ethical principle prioritizing the needs of the poor and vulnerable to ensure their dignity is upheld.

Moral Development

The process through which individuals develop their understanding of morality, often described in stages reflecting increasing levels of complexity.

Postconventional Morality

The highest stage of moral development in Kohlberg's theory, where reasoning is based on abstract principles and values.

Beatitudes

Blessed statements by Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount that outline the values of God's kingdom and offer blessings to those who embody them.

What are the Ten Commandments?

The Ten Commandments are a set of biblical principles relating to ethics and worship, which play a fundamental role in Christianity and Judaism.

What is Catholic Social Teaching (CST)?

Catholic Social Teaching encompasses the doctrine developed by the Catholic Church that addresses social, economic, and political issues based on human dignity and the common good.

What is conscience?

Conscience is the inner sense of right and wrong that guides a person's thoughts, actions, and decisions, often shaped by moral, cultural, and religious influences.

What are Kohlberg's stages of moral development?

Kohlberg’s stages of moral development are a series of stages that describe how individuals develop their understanding of morality, from a focus on obedience and punishment to the consideration of universal ethical principles.

What are the Beatitudes?

The Beatitudes are a set of teachings by Jesus, found in the Sermon on the Mount, that describe the attitudes and behaviors that lead to true happiness and fulfillment, often seen as the foundation of Christian ethics.

What are the Beatitudes?

The Beatitudes are a set of teachings by Jesus that describe the attitudes and characteristics of those who are blessed in the Kingdom of Heaven, found in the Sermon on the Mount.

What is Kohlberg’s first stage of moral development?

The first stage is 'Obedience and Punishment Orientation,' where moral reasoning is based on avoiding punishment and the physical consequences of actions.

What is the role of conscience in moral decision-making?

Conscience is the inner sense that helps individuals discern right from wrong, guiding moral choices based on ethical principles and values.

What are the key principles of Catholic Social Teaching (CST)?

Key principles of CST include the dignity of the human person, the common good, solidarity, subsidiarity, and care for the poor and vulnerable.

What are the Ten Commandments?

The Ten Commandments are fundamental laws given by God to the Israelites at Mount Sinai, outlining ethical and moral behavior.