USCG Boat Crew

What are the 8 duties of a boat crew member?

1. Helm watch

2. Lookout watch

3. Tow watch

4. Anchor watch

5. Rig towing and mooring lines

6. Act as a surface swimmer

7. Administer first aid

8. Operate damage control equipment

When reporting contacts, what is the order in which they are reported?

1. Description

2. Bearing

3. Range

4. Aspect

What is hypothermia?

A lowering of the core body temperature due to exposure of cold (water or air) resulting in a subnormal body temperature.

At what body temperature does hypothermia begin?

95 degrees F

What are the 3 basic hull types?

1. Displacement

2. Semi-displacement

3. Planing

Displacement hull

Displaces (pushes away) water allowing the vessel to settle down in the water. Found on tankers and freighters; ATON vessels

Planing hull

At certain speeds, the hull will skim along the surface of the water.

Semi-displacement hull

Combination of planing and displacement hull; doesn't truly get on the plane. Found on medium-sized small boats such as the MLB or UTB

What is pitch?

The distance a propeller will travel through a gelatinous object in one revolution.

What is stability?

The ability of a vessel to return to a upright position after being heeled over.

What are the 2 forces that affect stability?

Center of gravity and bouyancy

What is center of gravity?

The point at which the weight of a vessel acts vertically downward

What is buoyancy?

The upward force of water displaced by the hull

What is sector NY's phone number?

718-354-4141

What is station King's Point's phone number?

[phone]

What does GAR stand for?

Green Amber Red

General Assessment of Risk

What is the purpose of GAR?

To calculate risk

What are the 6 components of GAR?

1. Supervision

2. Team selection

3. Planning

4. Environment

5. Team fitness

6. Event or Evolution complexity

What are the ranges for GAR?

G=0-23

A=24-44

R=45-60

What is the fire tetrahedron?

Proper proportions of oxygen, heat, fuel, and a chemical chain reaction are required for a fire.

Class Alpha fire

Common combustibles, such as wood and wood-based materials, cloth, paper, rubber, and certain plastics

Smoke color for Class Alpha Fire

White or grey

Primary extinguishing agent for Class Alpha fire

Water

PKP (dry chemical)

Class Bravo fire

Flammable or combustible liquids, flammable gases, greases, petroleum products

Smoke color for Class Bravo fire

Black or brown

Primary extinguishing agent for Class Bravo fire

AFFF

CO2

PKP (dry chemical)

Class Charlie fire

Energized electrical equipment, conductors, or appliances

Smoke color for Class Charlie fire

Blue or white

Primary extinguishing agent for Class Charlie fire

CO2

PKP (dry chemical)

Class Delta fire

Combustible metals, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, and titanium

Smoke color for Class Delta fire

Depends on the metal being burned

Primary extinguishing options for Class Delta fire

Water (high velocity fog)

Sand (placed underneath the metal)

Marine distress signals (17)

1. Red star shells

2. Orange smoke marker

3. Dye marker (any color)

4. Flames on a boat

5. Person waving arms

6. November code flag flown over a Charlie code flag

7. Black flag flown over a black ball

8. Orange board with a black square over a black circle

9. Red parachute flare

10. High intensity white light flashing at intervals of 50 to 70 times per minute (inland only)

11. Continuous sounding fog horn

12. Gun shots fired at one-minute intervals

13. SOS Morse code

14. Radio telephone alarm

15. Radio telegraph alarm

16. MAYDAY radio broadcast

17. EPIRB

What does EPIRB stand for?

Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon

1 short blast

I intend to leave you on my port side

2 short blasts

I intend to leave you on my starboard side

3 short blasts

I am operating astern propulsion

Prolonged blast

Approaching a blind bend in a channel or getting underway

5 short blasts

Danger signal

Whistle signal for sailing vessels during periods of reduced visibility

1 prolonged + 2 short

Color and Arc of visibility for port light

Red, 112.5 degrees

Color and Arc of visibility for starboard light

Green, 112.5 degrees

Color and Arc of visibility for stern light

White, 135 degrees

Color and Arc of visibility for masthead light

White, 225 degrees

What is free communication with the sea?

The unobstructed movement of seawater into and out of the vessel, caused by damage to the hull

Situation that may cause fatigue (9)

1. Extreme hot or cold weather conditions

2. Eye strain from hours of looking through sea-spray blurred windshields

3. Effort of holding on and maintaining balance

4. Stress

5. Exposure to noise

6. Exposure to the sun

7. Poor physical conditioning

8. Lack of sleep

9. Boredom

What is the crew's responsibility for monitoring fatigue?

Crew must watch each other's condition to prevent excessive fatigue

Primary symptoms of fatigue (6)

1. Inability to focus or concentrate/narrowed attention span

2. Confusion or judgement error

3. Decreased coordination of motor skills and sensory ability

4. Increased irritability

5. Decreased performance

6. Decreased concern for safety

Describe prevention measures for fatigue (5)

1. Adequate rest

2. Appropriate dress for weather conditions

3. Rotate crew duties

4. Provide food and refreshments

5. Observe other crew members for signs of fatigue

What is motion sickness?

Nausea and/or vomiting caused by an imbalance between visual images and the portion of the middle ear that senses motion

Symptoms of motion sickness (7)

1. Nausea and vomiting

2. Increased salivation

3. Unusual paleness

4. Sweating

5. Drowsiness

6. Overall weakness

7. Stomach discomfort

Prevention and medication for motion sickness (5)

1. Stay out of confined spaces

2. Stay above deck in the fresh air

3. Avoid concentrating on the movement of the boat by looking out over the water toward the horizon or shoreline

4. Avoid smoking

5. Scopolamine patches and anti-motion sickness medication

When is it best to take anti-motion sickness medication?

Throughout their watch or about 1 hour prior to getting underway

What are the 7 Team Coordination Training skills?

1. Mission analysis

2. Communication

3. Situational awareness

4. Assertiveness

5. Leadership

6. Adaptability and flexibility

7. Decision making

The Type III PFD is also known as a ___ aid.

flotation

When is the Type III PFD typically worn?

Worn aboard boats when freedom of movement is required and the risk of falling overboard is minimal

Is the Type III PFD designed to turn an unconscious wearer to a face-up position?

No

How much buoyancy does the Type III PFD provide?

Minimum of 15.5 lbs

What type of PFD are the anti-exposure coveralls?

Type V

At what water temps is the anti-exposure coverall required?

Between 50 and 60 degress F

Explain how the anti-exposure coveralls work?

Straps located at the neck, waist, thighs, wrists, and ankles are designed to section water throughout the suit, using body heat for thermoregulation

What is the purpose of the emergency signaling mirror?

Attracts attention of passing aircraft, boats, or ground rescue teams by reflecting light at them

How far can the reflected light from the signaling mirror be seen?

At great distances

Where are the instructions for the signaling mirror?

Printed on the back

What is the MK-124?

Smoke and illumination signal

The day end of the MK-124 produces ___. The night end produces ___.

orange smoke

red flare

Each end of the MK-124 lasts about ___.

20 seconds

The MK-124 may also be used in helo hoists to do what?

Indicate wind direction

What is the MK-79?

Illumination signal kit

The MK-79 produces a ___ ___ display.

red star

The MK-79 flares reach heights of ___.

250-650 ft

Each MK-79 flare burns for a minimum of ___.

4.5 seconds

What is the luminosity of the MK-79?

12,000 candlepower

What are the names for the signal projector and hand-fired signals?

MK-31

MK-80

How many flashes does the strobe light emit?

50-70 per minute

What is the luminosity of the strobe light?

100,000 candlepower

Flashes for ___ hours under constant operation or ___ hours when operated intermittently.

9

18

On a clear night, the strobe light can be seen from a minimum range of ___.

5 miles

What emergency signal should be operated first?

Personal Locator Beacon (PLB)

On what frequencies does the PLB broadcast?

406 MHz and 121.5 MHz

The PLB will provide a position accurate to within ___ NM within ___ minutes.

3

90

What are the survival procedures in the event the boat capsizes?

1) Windows, back door, cuddy cabin door

2) Best swimmer first with a line. Remove PFD if necessary

3) Swimmer taps on hull to signal other crew members

4) Poor swimmers go next, good swimmer last

5) Activate PLB and stay with the boat until rescued or boat capsizes

What are the two types of keels?

Bar keel and flat plate keel

What is a bar keel?

Stiffeners protect the boat's hull plating if the boat grounds on a hard bottom; reduces rolling

What is a flat plate keel?

Keel is perpendicular to the centerline of the hull

What is the freeboard?

The height of a vessel's hull from the waterline to the main deck

What is the draft?

The depth of water from waterline to keel

What is light displacement?

The weight of the boat excluding fuel, water, outfit, cargo, crew, and passengers

What is loaded displacement?

The weight of the boat including fuel, water, outfit, cargo, crew, and passengers

What are the three parts that make hatches watertight?

1. Dogs

2. Gaskets

3. "Knife edge"

What is watertight integrity?

Includes the interior of a boat compartmentalized by bulkheads, decks, and hatches.

What are general boat design features that influence stability (7)?

1. Size and shape of hull

2. Draft

3. Trim

4. Displacement

5. Freeboard

6. Superstructure size, shape, and weight

7. Non-watertight openings

What is the bitter end?

The working end or free end of the line; normally the part of the line you will work with.

What is the standing part?

The part of the line left over; normally not used when tying knots.

Light configuration: Red over red

Boat is not under command; avoid this boat

Light configuration: Red over green

Identifies a sailboat

Light configuration: Red over white

Commercial fishing vessel

Light configuration: Green over white

Vessel engaged in trawling, e.g. a shrimping boat

Light configuration: White over white

A short tug/tow, under 200 meters from stern to stern

Light configuration: White over white over white

A long tug/tow, over 200 meters from stern to stern