U.S. History Final

Territories acquired by the U.S.

\-Banana Republics in Central America

\-cuba

\-Philippines

\-Panama

\-Hawaii

Roosevelt Corollary

Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force

Pershings expedition to mexico

Went to mexico to look for pancho villa, never found him

Reasons for building the Panama Canal

Primary reason was security issues. Helped transfer goods faster. As well as good defense.

Hay Banau Varilla Treaty (HBV Treaty)

negotiated a treaty with Columbia to build a canal across her northern province of Panama.

US strategy-Filipino war

the better trained and equipped United States military held an almost insurmountable military advantage. With a constant supply of equipment and manpower, the U.S. Army controlled the Philippine archipelago's waterways, which served as the Filipino insurgents' main supply routes

Matthew Perry

led great white fleat to japan

Alfred T Mahan

Author who argued in 1890 that the economic future of the United States rested on new overseas markets protected by a larger navy. Wrote "The Influence of Sea Power Upon History"

George Dewey

American sea captain who defeated the Spanish in the Philippines naval battle

Hawaiian revolution

1893 overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani by Hawaiian-American sugar planters in the hopes of annexing Hawaii to the United States by way of treaty

Treaty of Paris

Ended the Spanish-American War gained the Philippines ,Guam, and Puerto Rico

Dollar Diplomacy

President Taft sent marines to Nicaragua

Yellow Journalism

journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration. During Spanish american war

Platt Amendment

established american protectorate over Cuba.Was a intervention

Purchase of Alaska

(1867) purchase of Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million, instigated by William Steward. Was significant because it ridded the continent of another foreign power.

Fredrick Jackson Turner

Historian during the 1890s who wrote the frontier thesis, which argued that the continuous existence of the American frontier had shaped the character of the nation, and the end of this frontier marked the end the first chapter in American history.

Definition of progressive movement

The Progressive movement was a turn-of-the-century political movement interested in furthering social and political reform, curbing political corruption caused by political machines, and limiting the political influence of large corporations.

Roosevelt's attitude towards trusts

Good trusts/ keep them Bad trusts/get rid of them

Returning soldiers web DuBois

Told them that the fight was not over because of racism and segregation

Corruption of Municipal Politics-Lincoln Steffans

Argued that the American people for to blame for political corruption.

The Status of Women, Past, Present, and Future

Women will never be equal to men unless given the right to vote

Heritage of the progressive movement

Government has no responsibility to act in the interests of people , improved government can meet the demands of urbanization and industrialization

Roosevelt and conservation

A federal policy to conserve natural resources. Under Roosevelt's leadership, millions of acres were set aside as preserves and national parks were created.

Muller v. Oregon

1908 - Supreme Court upheld Oregon state restrictions on the working hours of women as justified by the special state interest in protecting women's health

W.E.B. DuBois

Co-founded the NAACP to help secure legal equality for minority citizens. It is the national association advancement of colored people.

Federal Reserve Act

created a national banking system

Social Gospel Movement

Churches should make peoples life better on earth

Anti- Defamation League

Was designed to defend Jewish-americans against verbal attacks and false statements

Social Darwinism

The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.

17th Amendment

Direct electon of US senators by the people

Square Deal

Teddy Roosevelt's progressive plan; involved trust-busting and conservation projects.

Muckrakers

Journalists who attempted to find corruption or wrongdoing in industries and expose it to the public

Jane Addams

1860-1935. Founder of Settlement House Movement. First American Woman to earn Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 as president of Women's Intenational League for Peace and Freedom.

Florence kelly

Active in the settlement house movement and led progressive labor reforms for women and children.

Margaret Sanger

United States nurse who campaigned for birth control and planned parenthood

Monopoly

Complete control of a product or business by one person or group

16th amendment

Allows the federal government to collect income tax

18th Amendment

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages

Gifford Pinchot

Progressive head of forestry division

Robert La Follette

1855-1925. Progressive Wisconsin Senator and Governor. Staunch supporter of the Progressive movement, and vocal opponent of railroad trusts, bossism, WWI, and League of Nations.

Upton Sinclair

Wrote "The Jungle" about the meat packing industry

The jungle

This 1906 work by Upton Sinclair pointed out the abuses of the meat packing industry. The book led to the passage of the 1906 Meat Inspection Act.

Adamson Act

This law established an eight-hour day for all employees on trains

Carrie Chapman Catt

(1859-1947) A suffragette who was president of the National Women's Suffrage Association, and founder of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance. Instrumental in obtaining passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920.

Proclamation of Neutrality

A formal announcement issued by President George Washington on April 22, 1793, declaring the United States a neutral nation in the conflict between Great Britain and France.

Ratification of the Treaty of Versailles

The main reason why the US Senate did not ratify the Treaty of Versailles was the League of Nations. There were serious concerns that the League would erode US sovereignty and pull the US into further wars that were not in its interest

Espionage Act and Sedition Act

Laws that set heavy fines and long prison terms for speaking out against the war

Reasons for US entry into WWI

Financial Commitment to the allies, To help France, survive the democracy, submarine warfare, American idealism

New Technology of WWI

tanks, gas warfare, machine guns

Financing the war - how?

war bonds, taxes

Luisitania

British passenger liner that was sunk by German submarines while carrying some U.S. passengers

John J. Pershing

He's the head of the AEF the American Expeditionary Force

Fourteen Points

The war aims outlined by President Wilson in 1918, which he believed would promote lasting peace; called for self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms and a league of nations.

Henry Cabot lodge

conservative senator who wanted to keep the united states out of the league of nations

Results of ww1

\-america emerged as the political and economic leader of the world

\-in the usa european demand for its goods led to inflation this strengthened the american economy but increased prices

\-workers in america led several major strikes because of these increased prices

\-european states went into decline following WW1

\-germany was devastated by the conflict

Growth of the Automobile industry results

leads to a boom in other businesses greater profit for them

Isolationism(foreign policy )

Dominant Foreign policy in the 1920s and 1930s

Big Red Scare

hysterical fears of the Soviet Union and labor unrest in 1919-1920 led to this nationwide crusade against left-wingers .period of anti-communist hysteria after ww1

Scopes Trial

1925 court case in which Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan debated the issue of teaching evolution in public schools

Palmer Raids

Raids on suspected radicals at various cities in the United States on a single night of raids.

Farmers in the 1920s

Lot of farmers lost their farms due to debt and etc.

Flappers

Young women in the 1920s who challenged social traditions with their dress and behavior

Bessie Smith

jazz singer

Trends of the 1920's

increased production, urbanization, consumerism, business prosperity

Great Migration

African Americans move from the south to the north that are trying to make a better life for themselves

Clarence Darrow

defense attorney for John Scopes

Langston Hughes

the leading writer from the Harlem renaissance

Jazz-origins

New Orleans

xenophobia-examples

Fear of foreigners, anything foreign ex-big red scare, the rebirth of KKK, SACCO and vintage case

KDKA

the first commercial radio station in the united states. Started in the city of Pittsburgh.

Washington Conference

(1921) Conference of major powers to reduce naval armaments among Great Britain, Japan, France, Italy, and the United States.

National Origins Act

This is an immigration law and it's designed to limit immigration from eastern and southern Europe

New Deal terminology

he Forgotten Man,the Brain Trust,Fireside Chats, and the 3 R's

Causes of the Great Depression

Uneven distribution of wealth, weak farm economy, overproduction, unsound loans, stock market crash

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Operation was to try to stabilize the banking industry

Unemployment- Great Depression

25% lost jobs die to great depression

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

was designed to protect bank deposits

Hoover's Attempts to fight the depression

State and local relief programs, businesses maintaining employment and wages, private volunteer efforts, emergency financing for banks and railroads

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Gave farmers money to reduce crop size to reduce production and bring up the value of crops

Criticisms of the New Deal

argued that it increased the national debt and it was too socialistic

Court Packing Plan

President FDR's failed 1937 attempt to increase the number of US Supreme Court Justices from 9 to 15 in order to save his 2nd New Deal programs from constitutional challenges

FDR First Inaugural Address

- "nothing to fear, but fear itself"

New Deal Acts Declared Unconstitutional

NIRA national industrial Recovery Act and AAA the agricultural adjustment Act

First Fireside Chat

dealt with the banking crisis

Frances Perkins

First female cabinet member

Problems of Farmers

debt, drought, and falling prices

Bank Crisis

stock market crash led to banks having to close

Dorerthea Lange

photographer of the great depression era

Hoovervilles

Depression shantytowns, named after the president whom many blamed for their financial distress

Bonus Army

World War 1 vets who went to Washington d.c. demanding the bonus promised to them in 1945

Black Cabinet

Were African American advisors in Roosevelt's Administration

Mary McLeod Bethune

Was the most prominent member of the black cabinet

John Maynard Keynes

He's a British economist .Roosevelt's going to borrow from him the idea of deficit spending to prime the pump

Imperial Presidency

the argument that the President Roosevelt had become too powerful

Lend-Lease Act

the presidents to lend or lease military goods to Any Nation whose defense was vital to our own security

Hewey Long

A critic of roosevelt in the new deal

Korematsu v. United States

A critic of Roosevelt in the new deal

" A date that will live in infamy"

December 7, 1941

Pearl Harbor

December 7, 1941. Japanese attack that brought the U.S. into the war.