Literally Everything Spaatz AE from JOF

What were the two X-series aircraft, which were flown during the 1950s and 1960s?

The X-15 and the XB-70

In 1954, the United States Air Force requested bids on a contract to build what?

A supersonic replacement for the B-52

What type of aircraft is also known as adaptive-wing, skewed-wing, or pivoting-wing aircraft?

The oblique-winged aircraft

What did NASA call the oblique-wing aircraft they tested in 1982?

The AD-1 Scissors

What are horizontal surfaces forward of the main wings used for trim and control?

Canards

What wing maintains its best efficiency under most flying conditions by moving forward for slow speed flight and folding to the rear for supersonic flight?

Mission adaptive wings

What two aircraft are true "stealth" aircraft designed to be invisible to enemy radar?

The B-2 bomber and the F-117A

In order to minimize weight, the aircraft is made of what?

An approximate 40% carbon fiber composite construction

What does MAV stand for?

Micro Air Vehicles

What materials have been developed that are stronger than many common metals used in aircraft construction?

Epoxy graphite composite materials

What was the first twin-engine general aviation aircraft?

The Beechcraft Twin Bonanza

What was the most successful jet ever built?

The Boeing 727

What is an advanced-technology airliner using composite materials for the majority of the aircraft's primary structures?

The A-320

What was designed as a bomber?

The XB-70

What was constructed of a nickel-steel allot called Inconel X?

The XB-15

What aircraft had oblique wings?

The AD-1 Scissors

What aircraft had forward-swept wings?

The X-29A

What aircraft had mission-adaptive wings?

The B-1B

What eliminates wingtip vortices?

Winglets

Who gathered together many of his V-2 rocket team members and surrendered to American forces with the hope of continuing his rocket research in the United States?

Dr. Werner von Braun

When did the Soviet Union explode its first atom bomb?

1949

What did Sputnik 2 carry?

A dog named Laika

What was one of the biggest reasons for the space race?

International prestige

Who signed the National Aeronautics and Space Act into law, creating the National Aeronautics and Space Administration on July 29, 1958?

President Eisenhower

What is the most powerful source of international law?

Treaties

What is an agreement between two nations?

Bilateral treaties

What treaties are generally more powerful because they involve many nations?

Multinational treaties

Most space treaties are what?

Multinational

What is the least powerful source of international law?

Customs

What are the three principles of space law that appear in both national and international space laws?

Freedom of use; Non-appropriation; Common interests

In addition to international law, space operations must also comply with what?

National laws

What is the purpose of the Commercial Space Law Act?

To promote private sector activity and investment in space

What is an earth observation satellite that produces special digital images?

LANDSAT

What is a United Nations organization that regulates international communications?

The International Telecommunications Union (ITU)

What is a natural or artificial satellite that orbits the Earth or other planetary body?

A satellite

What was the first man-made satellite in space?

Sputnik

What is both a series of satellites and an organization?

INTELSTAT

What was designed to update the inertial navigation system on Polaris submarines?

TRANSIT

What was a two-dimensional navigation system that used high stability oscillators and time transfer capabilities to determine the longitude and latitude?

TIMATION

What series of weather satellites measures radiation in the earth's atmospheres and uses this data to determine climatic changes?

Nimbus

What series of weather satellites carry special search and rescue instrumentation?

TIROS

What are the three broad types of observation satellites?

Weather, multi-spectrum-imaging, and reconnaissance

What satellites orbit for the sole purpose of gaining information?

Scientific satellites

What was an early series of probes intended to investigate the moon by taking pictures of the moon as the spacecraft approached on a direct impact course?

The Rangers

What series of probes sent hundreds of pictures back to earth and sampled the lunar soil for its chemistry and other characteristics?

The Surveyors

What series of probes had the job of providing high-quality photographs of the moon's entire surface?

The Lunar Orbiters

What family of probes was used to investigate the inner planets?

The Mariners

What series of probes have probed both the outer and inner planets, with one of them being the second probe of Jupiter?

The Pioneers

What series of probes were launched to explore the environment of Mars?

The Vikings

What series of probes greatly improved pictures and data that the Pioneers opened the way to in outer-planet investigations?

The Voyagers

What was designed to orbit Mars for a two-year period with the purpose of mapping and collecting information about the surface of Mars?

The Mars Global Surveyor, which was the first of NASA's several low-cost planetary Discovery missions

What had the primary objective of proving the feasibility of low-cost landings on and exploration of the Martian surface?

The Mars Pathfinder, which was the second of NASA's low-cost planetary Discovery missions

What is an international project involving NASA, the European Space Agency, and several European academic and industrial partners?

Cassini, which went into orbit around Saturn in 2004 and will observe the planet and its moons for many years

What probe was designed to claw down into the icy soil of the red planet's northern plains?

The Phoenix Mars Lander

What stated that space would be used "exclusively for peaceful purposes?"

The 1967 Outer Space Treaty

What permits users to instantly determine their position, provides their velocity and time, and is more accurate than any radio system?

GPS

What discovered the Van Allen Radiation Belts?

The Explorer 1

What studied the sun's protection of x-rays and gamma rays?

The orbiting solar observatory

What improved knowledge of interstellar gases?

The orbiting astronomical observatory

What discovered burst of gamma rays from Galaxy Centaurus A?

The high energy astronomy observatory

What, from LEO, studies white dwarfs, black holes, and active galactic nuclei?

The X-ray timing explorer

What solved the problems of light pollution and atmospheric interference?

The Hubble Space Telescope

What studied the reaction between sunlight and earth's ozone layer?

The solar mesosphere explorer

What studies the interaction of earth and radiation energy from the sun?

The earth radiation budget satellite

What studies how air, land, water, and life interact on earth?

The Earth observing system

What provided the first close-up pictures of the moon?

The Rangers

What are unmanned exploratory spacecraft traveling beyond earth's orbit?

Probes

What are spacecraft that orbit the earth?

Satellites

What was the first Soviet satellite, which established the rights of satellites to fly over countries without permission?

Sputnik

What communications satellites reflect the radio or television signals?

Passive satellites

What communications satellites amplify the signals before return?

Active satellites

Which is not a source of space law?

UN decrees

Which member of the 1998 International Space Station Agreement started participating in 1993 and signed the new 1998 agreement?

Russia

What was America's first manned spaceflight program?

Project Mercury

How many U.S. pilots were chosen for Project Mercury?

Seven

What was Project Mercury's mission?

To find out if a human could survive space travel and what, if any, effects would space travel have on the human body

Who became the first American in space?

Alan Shepard

Who became the first American to orbit the earth?

John Glenn

Which space project's objectives were to improve techniques needed for a lunar mission, put two persons in space, rendezvous and dock with another spacecraft, and achieve the first walk in space?

Gemini

What was the first two-man capsule that also achieved the first American walk in space?

Gemini

From the early 1960s, it was known that Apollo's mission would be what?

To put a man on the moon

Who was the first man to walk on the moon?

Neil Armstrong, on July 20, 1969

What project's mission was to put a laboratory in space?

Skylab

What was the last manned space launch before the space shuttle?

The Apollo-Soyuz test project

What provided a system for transportation into space and a return back to earth?

The space shuttle

The space shuttle consisted of what three main parts?

The orbiter, the solid rocket boosters, and the external tank

What was an orbiting laboratory designed by the European Space Agency to be flown in the space shuttle's cargo bay?

Spacelab

Who was the first man to escape from the earth's atmosphere into space?

Yuri Gagarin, aboard Vostok 1

Who was the first woman in space?

Valentina Tereshkova, aboard Vostok 6

Who became the first person to "walk" in space?

Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov

What does Soyuz mean?

Union

What was the world's first space laboratory?

The Salyut 1

What was the second Soviet space station model?

The Mir

What offered $10,000,000 to the first non-government organization to launch a reusable manned spacecraft that could fly into space?

The 21st Century X-Prize

Who flew SpaceshipOne to a record-breaking altitude of 328,941 feet, making him the first private pilot to earn NASA's coveted astronaut wings?

Mike Melville

Who flew SpaceshipOne to another record-breaking altitude of 367,442 feet, or 69.6 miles, above the earth's surface, which met all of the requirements and won the $10,000,000 Ansari-X prize?

Brian Binnie

Which program landed a man on the moon?

Apollo

What was the first US manned space flight?

Mercury

What was the first US space flight to place two persons in space?

Gemini

What transports up to three cosmonauts to and from space?

Soyuz