Gluteal Muscles/Iliopsoas/Thigh: Attachments, Innervations, Action

Gluteus maximus

• Gluteal muscle

• A: posterior superior ilium and sacrum

• B: iliotibial tract

• Inn: inferior gluteal nerve

• Ax: hip extension, lateral rotation of hip

Gluteus medius

• Gluteal muscle

• A: gluteal surface of ilium

• B: greater trochanter of femur

• Inn: superior gluteal nerve

• Ax: abduction, medial rotation of hip

Gluteus minimus

• Gluteal muscle

• A: gluteal surface of ilium

• B: greater trochanter of femur

• Inn: superior gluteal nerve

• Ax: abduction, medial rotation of hip

Tensor Fascia Latae

• Gluteal muscle

• A: iliac crest

• B: iliotibial tract

• Inn: superior gluteal nerve

• Ax: flexion, medial rotation, abduction of hip

Piriformis

• Gluteal muscle

• A: anterior sacrum

• B: posterior greater trochanter

• Inn: S1-S2

• Ax: hip lateral rotation, abduction

1. Superior gemellus

2. Obturator internus muscle

3. Inferior gemellus

• Gluteal muscle

• A:

  • Gemelli - lesser sciatic notch, ischial spine

  • Obturator internus muscle - posterior obturator membrane

• B:

  • Gemelli - obturator internus muscle

  • Obturator internus muscle - medial greater trochanter

• Inn: L5-S1

• Ax: lateral rotation, hip abduction

Quadratus femoris

• Gluteal muscle

• A: body of ischium

• B: intertrochanteric crest

• Inn: L5-S1

• Ax: hip lateral rotation

What are the gluteal muscles composed of?

gluteus maximus/medius/minimus, tensor fascia latae, piriformis, superior gemellus, obturator internus muscle, inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris

What is the iliopsoas composed of?

iliiacus and psoas major

Psoas major

• Iliopsoas

• A: T12-L5 vertebrae

• B: less trochanter of femur

• Inn: L2-L3

• Ax: hip flexion

Iliacus

• Iliopsoas

• A: iliac fossa

• B: lesser trochanter of femur

• Inn: femoral nerve

• Ax: hip flexion

Vastus lateralis

• anterior thigh muscle

• A: linea aspera of femur

• B: patella, tibial tuberosity

• Inn: femoral nevrve

• Ax: knee extension

Vastus intermedius

• anterior thigh muscle

• A: anterior body of femur

• B: patella

• Inn: femoral nerve

• Ax: knee extension

Vastus medialis

• anterior thigh muscle

• A: line aspera of femur

• B: patella

• Inn: femoral nerve

• Ax: knee extension

Rectus femoris

• anterior thigh muscle

• A: anterior inferior iliac spine

• B: patella

• Inn: femoral nerve

• Ax: hip flexion, knee extension

Sartorius

• anterior thigh muscle

• A: anterior superior iliac spine

• B: medial proximal tibia

• Inn: femoral nerve

• Ax: hip abduction and flexion, hip lateral rotation, knee flexion

Adductor magnus

• medial thigh muscle

• A: inferior pubic ramus

• B: linea aspera of femur

• Inn: obturator nerve and sciatic nerve

• Ax: hip adduction, extension, and flexion

Adductor longus

• medial thigh muscle

• A: body of pubis

• B: linea aspera of femur

• Inn: obturator nerve

• Ax: hip adduction, flexion

Adductor brevis

• medial thigh muscle

• A: inferior pubic ramus

• B: proximal linea aspera of femur

• Inn: obturator nerve

• Ax: hip adduction and flexion

Pectineus

• medial thigh

• A: superior pubic ramus

• B: pectineal line of femur

• Inn: obturator nerve and femoral nerve

• Ax: hip adduction and flexion

Gracilis

• medial thigh

• A: inferior pubic ramus

• B: medial proximal tibia

• Inn: obturator nerve

• Ax: hip adduction and flexion, knee flexion

Biceps femoris (long head/short head)

• posterior thigh

• A

  • long head - ischial tuberosity

  • short head - linea aspera

• B: head of fibula

• Inn:

  • long head: sciatic nerve - tibial nerve

  • short head: sciatic nerve - common fibular nerve

• Ax:

  • long head: hip extension, knee flexion

  • short head: knee flexion

Semimembranosus

• posterior thigh

• A: ischial tuberosity

• B: medial condyle of tibia

• Inn: sciatic nerve - tibial nerve

• Ax: hip extension, knee flexion

Semitendinosus

• posterior thigh

• A: ischial tuberosity

• B: proximal medial tibia

• Inn: sciatic nerve - tibial nerve

• Ax: hip extension, knee flexion