Kinn's CH.49 "Blood analysis"

Prepared by placing a drop of blood from a fingerstick or an EDTA tube onto a clean glass slide

Blood smears

How much should a good wedge smear cover the slide?

1/2 - 3/4

Polychromatic

Stains that are attracted to different parts of the cell, which makes cells and their structures easier to see and tell apart

Poikilocytosis

Significant variation in the shape of RBCs

Hypochromic

Pale staining cells that have less hemoglobin than normal

polycthemia

Disorder charectarized by abnormal increase in Red blood cell

What is the range for WBC

4,500-11,000

What is the function of bands

immature neutrophils

What is the function of lymphocytes

Body defense system

What is the range for neutrophils

55%-70%

What is the range for platelets

150,000-400,000

What is the function of monocytes

Cleans up neutrophils

What is Thrombocytopenia

low platelet count

What is thrombocytosis

high platelet count

Main reason for the blood bank

to prevent problems caused by incompatible blood types during blood transfusions

Patients with AB blood type

Considered universal receivers

Patients with O blood type

considered universal donors

Identification of normal blood cells

Appearance of the nucleus, and cytoplasm, and size of the cell

Autologous transfusion

The drain collects the blood from the surgical wound and washed back into the patient

The blood safety act

Ensures that all donor blood is tested for HIV and other blood-borne pathogens

erythroblastosis fetalis

Rh incompatibility between the mother and fetus resulting in hemolytic disease of an newborn (HDN)

Compatibility testing AKA cross-matching

Performed to prevent blood transfusion reactions in patients receiving blood from a donor

Blood typing is NOT a...?

CLIA waived test

the patients FBG should be under

110

normal A1c level for a person WITHOUT diabetes should be

4-5.6%

a patient WITH diabetes has a goal to maintain glycosylated hemoglobin levels at

under 7%

which type of cholesterol could form plaque that may clot your arteries and what should the normal range be

LDL, under 130mg/dl

triglycerides are

fat in the blood , related to calorie intake

what type of cholesterol protects you from heart attacks and what is the normal range

HDL above 40mg/dl

Where should you count cells on an blood smear?

The feathered edge

Platelet indices:

Mean platelet volume (MPV), Plateletcrit, and platelet distribution width (PDW)

Increase of WBC

Leukocytosis

Decrease of WBC

Leukopenia

What contains blood smears

EDTA

Large RBC

macrocytic

COMPOSED OF VISIBLE FORMED ELEMENTS SUSPENDED IN PLASMA

WHOLE BLOOD

PLASMA PROTEINS INCLUDE

ALBUMIN, PROTHROMBIN, FIBRINOGEN, AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN

COMPOSED OF 90% WATER, 9% PROTEIN, AND 1% OTHER CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES

PLASMA

LIQUID THAT REMAINS AFTER BLOOD HAS CLOTTED

SERUM

NORMAL VALUES FOR MALES UNDER 64

0 TO 15mm/hr

ESR-normal values for males over 64 and females

0 to 20mm/hr

preparing blood smear

1/2 inch from frosted end

angle 30-35

should cover 1/2 to 3/4 of slide

feathered edge

subclasses of lymphocytes

t and b cells

Fat in blood from calorie intake

triglycerides

What sits in the buffy coat

wbc and platelets

What does the ESR test look for

INFLAMMATION

CPK test

Leaks into blood stream if heart tissue is damaged or stressed

BUN test (blood urea nitrogen)

indicates level of urea in blood which is waste product of that the kidney should excrete

B lymphocytes

destroys foreign substances by producing antibodies

T lymphocytes

destroys foreign substances particularity intracellular pathogens

wbc test indicates in the CBC and wbc count are wbc differential

True

WBCs gives an estimate of the total number

leukocytes

the count is performed to help the provider determine whether an infection is present in the diagnosis of

leukemia

normal wbcs count varies with age

true

white blood cell is higher in old people and decrease throughout lifetime

false

an increase in number WBC is a

leukocytosis

A decrease WBC count may be seen in pregnancy,stress,anesthesia,and exercise

false

an increase of wbc is called

leukocytosis

leukopenia this condition can be caused by exposure for radiation and chemotherapy

true

for analyze wbc you can use

microscope

how many types of major wbc body system have

5 type

the most abundant with wbc in the blood with normal adult range of 55%-70%

neutrophils

automated cells counter have the ability to analyze the wbc

cell size,internal structures and density