ch 42- animal reproduction

What is asexual reproduction?

asexual

• one individual

• mitotic cell division

• ow genetic diversity,

• fast and efficient

examples:

1. Budding- clone growing on adult -> clone comes off

   • e.g. sea anemone

2. fragmentation- body part injured -> regenerates entire individual

   • e.g. flatworm, sea stars and sea anemones

3. parthenogenesis- individual develops from an unfertilized egg, 100% genetically the same as the female,

   • e.g. whiptail, lizards, rotifers, insects

What is sexual reproduction?

sexual

• male and female

• fertilization of gametes,

• meiosis-> make gametes

• huge genetic diversity.

Options:

1. separate sexes,

2. hermaphrodites- male and female sex organs in one individual.

2 types of fertilization:

1. external- release sperm in the environment over the eggs outside of the body

   • e.g. spawning,

2. internal place the sperm into the reproductive organ

How do animals synchronize?

physiology, behavior, odor/scents

What is a spermatophore

sperm packet