why do we need energy
maintain homeostasis, grow, reproduce, ect
where does all energy come from
the sun
primary energy molecule
ATP
aerobic cellular respiration equation
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
what is the lost energy
heat
redox reaction
chemical reaction involving transfer of electrons reduction = gaining oxidation = losing FOLLOW THE H+ ION
5 cellular respiration steps
glycolysis
pyruvate oxidation
kreb/citric acid cycle
ECT
chemiosmosis
glycolysis
in cytoplasm, breakdown of sugar into 2 pyruvate, 10 step enzymatic process NET GAIN = 2ATP and 2NADH
pyruvate oxidation
pyruvate gets oxidized into acetyl CoA, goes from cytoplasm ito mitochondrial matrix, NET GAIN = 2NADH, CO2
kreb cycle
in matrix, makes ATP, NADH and FADH NET GAIN = 2ATP, 4CO2, 2FADH, 6NADH
ECT
happens in intramembrane space/matrix, requires 4 protein complexes that pump H+ into space (taken from NADH and FADH), makes concentration gradient NET GAIN = H2O
Chemiosmosis
H+ ions flow back into matrix through ATP synthase, converts ADP into ATP 1NADH = 2.5 ATP 1FADH = 1.5 ATP NET NET GAIN = 30~32 ATP