Chem unit 5.3

Native metals

Metals that are free and are found in nature uncombined

Ores

Rocks from which we can extract metals

Haematite

Ore of iron, mainly iron oxyde

Bauxite

Or of aluminium, mainly aluminium oxide

Galena

An ore of lead, mainly lead sulfide

Cinnabar

Ore of mercury, mainly mercury oxide

Malachite

Ore of copper, mainly copper carbonate

Limestone

Ore of calcium, mainly calcium carbonate

2 steps to obtaining the metal from the ore

Mining and decomposition of the compounds in the ore

Reduction reaction

When the ore is reduced to break it down and release the metal

3 methods of a reduction reaction

Heat alone, heat with carbon, electrolysis

When do we use heat alone for a reduction reaction

The break down less reactive metal ores

What metals are extracted by thermal decomposition

Mercury and silver

What does the carbon do in extraction with carbon

Acts as a reducing agent, taking away the oxygen from the compound

When do we use heat with carbon for extraction of metals

When the compound is a metal oxide

What metals are extracted with heat and carbon

Zinc, iron, nickel, tin, lead, copper

What type of reactions should metals have in order to extract them by heat and carbon

Moderately stable

Electrolysis

Passing electricity through a molten ore will split up the compound

What types of compounds are broken down by electrolysis

Highly reactive and the most stable ones