Chapter 4 (Campbell's Biology in Focus)

Phagocytosis

Phagocytosis

________ is the process of engulfing smaller organisms or food particles.

Intermediate filamentsare

________ named for their diameter, which is larger than the diameter of microfilaments but smaller than that of microtubules.

Eukarya

________ have microtubules, hollow rods constructed from a globular protein called tubulin.

Cytosol

________ is the semifluid, jellylike substance inside cells.

nuclear envelope

The ________ encloses the nucleus separating its contents from the cytoplasm.

Golgi Apparatus

The ________ is like a warehouse for receiving, sorting, shipping, and some manufacturing.

Microvilli

________ increase the surface area of an object due to the crevices.

Ribosomes

________ are complexes made of ________ (RNA) proteins.

animal cells

In ________, microtubules grow out of a centrosome, a region that is often located near the nucleus and is a "microtubule organizing center.

lysosome

A(n) ________ is a membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that many eukaryotic cells use to digest macromolecules.

Mature plants

________ generally contain a central vacuole, which develops by the coalescence of smaller vacuoles.

cytoskeleton

The ________ is a network of fibers extending throughout the cytoplasm.

endoplasmic reticulum

The ________ is a large network of membranes that accounts for more than half of the plasmic membranes in eukaryotic cells.

Microfilaments

________ are thin, solid rods.

DNA

________ is organized into discrete components called genes.

Rough ER

________ is studded with ribosomes on the outer surface of the membrane.

plasma membrane

The ________ consists of a double layer of phospholipids.

microtubule assembly

The ________ of a cilium or flagellum is anchored in the cell by the basal body.

complex of DNA

The ________ and proteins making up chromosomes is called chromatin.

nucleus

The ________ contains most of the genes in a eukaryotic cell.

Transport Vesicles

________ are vesicles in transit from one part of the cell to another.

inner folds of a phospholipid bilayer

The ________ are called a cristae.

prokaryotic cells

In ________, DNA is focused in a region called the nucleoid which is not membrane enclosed.

plasma membrane

At the boundary of every cell the ________ functions as a selective border that allows oxygen, nutrients, and wastes to service the entire cell.