Chs. 7 + 8 - Drawing and Painting

drawing

result of running an implement over a surface and leaving some trace

dry mediums

metalpoint, pencil, charcoal, chalk, etc are ____

fluid mediums

ink is the primary type of _______

wash

diluted, watery ink

cartoon

originally, full-scale preliminary drawings done on paper for projects

caricature

the flagrant exaggeration and distortion of natural features

painting

a work of art in which the primary aspect is liquid material applied to a surface with an implement

paint

liquid substance that converts to a solid film when applied to a surface

pigment

granular solids in a wide chromatic range derived from chemicals and minerals

vehicle

a binding agent used with pigment to adhere it to a surface

medium

a liquid material (such as water, turpentine, etc) used to dilute paint for easier handling

fresco

the art of painting on plastic

buon fresco

fresco executed on damp lime plaster; also called true fresco

fresco secco

painting on dry plaster

encaustic

a mixture of ground pigments and hot, molten wax being applied to a prepared surface

traditional tempera

ground pigments mixed with egg yolk or whole eggs thinned with water

modern tempera

pigment is combined with an emulsion of milk, glues or gums, or juices or saps of plants and trees

gesso

a mixture of powdered chalk or plaster and animal glue that provided a smooth, white surface to paint on

oil

paint that consists of powdered pigments combined with a linseed oil vehicle and turpentine medium; naturally slow drying

glazes

thin, transparent or semitransparent layers of oil tinted with color

impasto

a technique when paint is layered on thickly, usually thickly enough to see brush or knife strokes on canvas

acrylic

a mixture of pigment and a plastic vehicle that can be thinned with water; doesn’t tend to lose color as it dries; fast drying

watercolor

modern- refers to aquarelle, when transparent films of paint are applied to a white, absorbent surface; composed of pigments and a gum arabic vehicle

gouache

a watercolor mixed with a high concentration of vehicle and an opaque ingredient such as chalk