Pineal Gland & Pancreas

Pineal Gland is the… 

small gland in the brain 

Pinealocytes secrete…

Melatonin

Melatonin

a hormone that regulates circadian rhythms

What does the Pancreas contains?

Endocrine & Exocrine Cells 

Exocrine Cells - Acinar cells

secrete digestive enzymes

Endocrine cells

Pancreatic islet cells (cells of Langerhans make and secrete hormones)

What are the two major cells types of Islets of Langerhans cell?

Alpha & Beta Cells

Alpha Cells secretes….

Glucagon

What does Glucagon signals?

signals the liver to release glucose from glycogen

What of the body does Alpha Cells raised? 

Blood Sugar (Blood glucose levels) 

Beta cells secretes…..

Insulin

What does Insulin signals? 

signal most body cells to take up glucose from the blood 

What does Beta cells promote?

storage of glucose as glycogen in liver

What of the body does Beta Cells lower?

Blood Sugar (Blood glucose levels) 

Glucose

used to make ATP 

Glycogen

the stored from the glucose in our body’s cell

Fluctuating blood glucose levels will trigger the pancreas to… 

either release glucagon or insulin 

High blood glucose levels release….

Insulin

Low blood glucose levels release….

glucagon

What is the Insulin function? 

lower blood glucose level (It shuttles glucose into the body’s cells) 

What is the Glucagon functions?

raise blood glucose levels

(it takes stored glucose from the body’s cell into the blood stream, so other tissues can use it)