Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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7 Terms

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Prokaryotic cells

Smaller simple cells that lack a nucleus and other complex organelles.

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Eukaryotic cells

Larger complex cells that contain a nucleus and other organelles such as a mitochondria.

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Nucleoid

Irregularly shaped region in a prokaryotic cell that contains the genetic material. Not enclosed by a membrane.

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Plasmid

A small, circular piece of DNA found inside a cell, typically a bacterium, that is separate from the main chromosomal DNA

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Capsule

A layer of polysaccharide material that surrounds the cell wall of certain bacteria

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Ribosome

Shared between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Turns DNA into proteins. 

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Archaea

Prokaryotic cells that live in extreme enviroments