The Great Depression and Hoover's Response

These flashcards cover key concepts and events related to the Great Depression, including major figures, events, and responses during the era.

Great Depression

A severe worldwide economic downturn that lasted from 1929 to the late 1930s.

Herbert Hoover

The Republican nominee in the 1928 election who promoted a platform of prosperity and prohibition.

Alfred E. Smith

The first Irish-American Catholic nominated by a major party in the 1928 election.

The Great Crash

The stock market crash on October 29, 1929, known as 'Black Tuesday', marking the beginning of the Great Depression.

Overspeculation

Investors gambling on stock prices continuing to rise, contributing to the market crash.

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

The highest peacetime tariff in U.S. history, enacted in 1930 to protect American industry.

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)

A government agency created in 1932 to provide financial support to banks, railroads, and other businesses.

Bonus Army

A group of WWI veterans who marched in 1932 to demand early payment of their bonuses, resulting in a confrontation with the U.S. Army.

Fireside Chats

Informal radio addresses by Franklin Roosevelt to communicate directly with the American people.

The New Deal

A series of economic programs and reforms enacted by Franklin Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression.

Fireside Chats

Informal radio addresses by Franklin Roosevelt to communicate directly with the American people.

The New Deal

A series of economic programs and reforms enacted by Franklin Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression.

Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)

The Democratic president elected in (1932) who implemented the New Deal to provide relief and recovery during the Great Depression.

Eleanor Roosevelt

The First Lady who was a social activist and advocate for the poor and minorities, serving as the 'eyes and ears' of FDR's administration during the (1930)s.

Frances Perkins

The Secretary of Labor who became the (1)st woman to serve in the U.S. cabinet, playing a key role in the creation of Social Security.

Huey Long

A Louisiana Senator who challenged FDR with his 'Share Our Wealth' program, advocating for major wealth redistribution.

Father Charles Coughlin

A radio priest who reached millions of listeners with his criticisms of the New Deal and calls for the nationalization of the banking system.

Dr. Francis Townsend

A retired physician whose plan for a (200) per month old-age pension influenced the development of the Social Security system.

Douglas MacArthur

The U.S. Army General who led the forceful clearance of the Bonus Army from Washington, D.C., in (1932). (Major historical figure associated with the Bonus Army confrontation).