5: Kinematics

KINEMATICS

studies the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion

SCALAR QUANTITY

magnitude only

Distance (d)

Time (t)

Speed (m/s)

example of scalar

VECTOR QUANTITY

always with arrow on top

magnitude and direction

Displacement (d with arrow on top)

Velocity (v)

Acceleration (a)

examples of vector

Displacement

shortest distance between the two points

Displacement

only measures from the starting and final point

Acceleration (a)

change in velocity over time

VERTICAL UPWARD MOTION

a type of motion that follows a vertical upward path, resisting the effect of acceleration due to gravity

VERTICAL UPWARD MOTION

slows down as it goes up, stops momentarily at the highest point (v = 0), and goes down due to acceleration due to gravity

PROJECTILE MOTION

a type of motion along two dimensions acted upon by gravity

PROJECTILE MOTION

combines the constant or uniform velocity (x) and uniform acceleration (y)

Projectile

the object

Trajectory

the path

The angle of projection (denoted as theta)

the angle at which an object is launched relative to the horizontal

90

the maximum height is highest when theta = __ degrees, as all of the initial velocity is in the vertical direction

45

a __-degree launch angle gives the maximum range

Time of flight

increases as the angle increases, reaching a maximum at = 90 degrees, where the object moves straight up and falls back down, taking the longest time