Lecture 14 - Transpiration, Transport, and Nutrition in Plants

A set of vocabulary flashcards related to the transport and nutrition in plants, highlighting key terms and their definitions.

Transpiration

The upward movement of water from roots to leaves, facilitated by evaporation from stomata.

Xylem

Vascular tissue responsible for the transport of water and dissolved minerals from roots to shoots.

Phloem

Vascular tissue that transports sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.

Root Hairs

Extensions of root cells that increase surface area for water and nutrient absorption.

Stomata

Pores in leaf surfaces that allow for gas exchange and regulate transpiration.

Cohesion

The attraction between water molecules, aiding in the upward movement of water in the xylem.

Adhesion

The attraction between water molecules and xylem vessel walls, facilitating water transport.

Guard Cells

Specialized cells that control the opening and closing of stomata.

Photosynthesis

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Sugar Source

A plant organ that produces more sugar than it consumes.

Sugar Sink

A plant organ that consumes or stores sugar for later use.

Pressure Flow Mechanism

The process through which sugars are transported in phloem from sources to sinks using osmotic pressure.

Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria

Bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making it usable for plants.

Mycorrhizae

Symbiotic association between fungi and plant roots that enhances nutrient absorption.

Essential Nutrients

Minerals and compounds that are vital for a plant’s growth and reproductive success.

Macronutrients

The nine essential elements needed in large amounts for plant growth, including carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.