Soc 224 Lecture 2

Positivist

attempt to explain the causes of deviant behaviour.

Temptation

old explanation of sinful behaviour in which humans have free will however the “devil” may tempt us to be deviant but can be resisted through religion.

Heretic

someone who challenges the church.

Enlightenment

18th century shift to naturalistic explanations of deviance based on scientific method.

Cesare Lombroso

studied soldier’s tattoos to try and find scientific objectivity for the measurement and quantification of criminal behaviour.

Atavist

less evolved.

Stigmata

physical signs of atavism.

Functionalist theory

rules are good, we should all agree and uphold them.

Anomie theory

functionalist theory that suggests that some deviance is good but too much is dysfunctional.

Anomie

normlessness

Anomic suicide

feel morally lost with no direction in life.

Egoistic suicide

result of low social integration due to a lack of meaning that society supplies us.

Altruistic suicide

intended for the benefit of the community, when society has a lot of power over people.

Fatalistic suicide

result of pervasive oppression from being over-regulated and a lack of freedom.