Modern vs. Classical Liberalism

These flashcards cover key concepts and distinctions between modern and classical liberal thought, focusing on human nature, state roles, and economic views.

What do all liberals agree on regarding human nature?

All liberals believe in the protection of individual rights more than a collective group and that all individuals are of equal worth.

Who is a key thinker associated with the harm principle?

John Stuart Mill argued that individuals should be free to do as they wish provided it doesn’t cause harm to others.

What is the difference between classical and modern liberals regarding individualism?

Classical Liberals believe in egotistical individualism linked to self-reliance, while Modern Liberals believe in developmental individualism linked to societal formation.

What is John Locke's view on the state?

John Locke believed in a limited state based on the consent of the governed, which is necessary for the protection of rights.

How do classical and modern liberals differ in their view of the state's role?

Classical Liberals advocate for a completely limited state, while Modern Liberals support an enabling but still limited state.

What does Mary Wollstonecraft argue regarding women's rights and state intervention?

Wollstonecraft argued that the state should intervene to provide women with the same educational opportunities as men.

What economic system do all liberals generally support?

All liberals generally support free-market capitalism as it is seen as crucial for freedom and choice.

What is the classical liberal belief regarding government intervention in the economy?

Classical Liberals advocate for Laissez-faire capitalism with minimal government intervention.

What do modern liberals believe about government intervention in the economy?

Modern Liberals support some state intervention, such as Keynesianism and progressive taxation, to address instability and social welfare.

What concept did John Rawls introduce regarding society and inequality?

John Rawls suggested that behind a 'veil of ignorance,' people would choose to create a society without a large gap between rich and poor.