Choral Lit Romantic Period

(1825-1900)

Industrial Revolution + effect on musical scene

Development of new instruments and improvements to existing instruments

Rise of the middle class and musical scene

Music for public consumption and larger audiences, less informed consumers in musical culture

Distinction of romantic from the classical style

greater dynamic change, emergence of sonata form, more homophonic texture

Romantic era musical expression

Chromaticisms, dramatic expansion of tonal range, developed harmonic and lyrical structure

Cäcilien-Verein movement

reform of church music, 1834-1888, propagate a capella works in style of G.P. and limit instrumental, conservative reaction