A & P MIDTERM Module 3

October 30

How many bones are in the skeleton?

206 bones with their associated cartilages and joints

Describe long bones. Which bones are long bones in the body?

• consist of body and two ends

• found ONLY in appendicular skeleton

• ex: humerus, femur, phalanges, metatarsals

Which bones are short bones in the body?

Which bones are irregular bones in the body?

Which bones are flat bones in the body?

What type of bones are each of these?

1. scapula

2. femur

3. patella

4. parietal bone

1. flat bone

2. long bone

3. sesamoid bone

4. flat bone

What are the major components/functions of the long bones?

Regarding the composition of a flat bone, what are the three layers?

Describe the location of the primary & secondary ossification centers. What happens at each?

Define

1. appendicular skeleton

2. axial skeleton

1. appendicular

   • upper/lower limbs, shoulder, pelvic girdles

   • 126 bones

   • shoulder girdles

     • clavicles

     • scapulae

   • upper limbs

     • humerus

     • ulna

     • radius

     • carpals

     • metacarpals

     • phalanges

   • pelvic girdle

     • hip bone

   • lower limbs

     • femur

     • tibia

     • fibula

     • patella

     • tarsals

     • metatarsals

     • phalanges

2. axial

   • lie on/near central axis of body

   • 80 bones

   • skull

     • cranium & facial bones

   • vertebral column

     • cervical

     • thoracic

     • lumbar

     • sacral

     • coccyx

   • thorax

     • ribs 

     • sternum

   • hyoid

   • auditory ossicles (3 small bones of ear)

T/F: the elbow is a cartilaginous joint

false; synovial

Where is the primary center of ossification in long bones?

shaft; diaphysis

Where is the secondary center of ossification in long bones?

ends; epiphyses