Ch 10 Lesson 1--Changes of State
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What is a physical change?
a change that changes an object's form but not what it is made of
What are the three common states of matter?
solid liquid and gas
How do particles move in a solid?
they are packed close together and only vibrate
How do particles move in a liquid?
they are loosely packed and slide past each other
How do particles move in a gas?
they are far apart and move quickly in all directions
What does temperature measure?
the average movement of particles in a material
What causes temperature to change?
a material gains or loses heat
What is heat?
energy that flows from a warmer object to a cooler object
What is melting?
the change of state from a solid to a liquid
What is freezing?
the change of state from a liquid to a solid
What is evaporation?
liquid particles escape from the surface and become a gas below the boiling point
What is boiling?
the change of state from a liquid to a gas throughout the liquid at the boiling point
What is condensation?
the change of state from a gas to a liquid
Does a gas gain or lose heat when it condenses?
it loses heat
What is sublimation?
the change of state directly from a solid to a gas
What common substance sublimates at room temperature?
dry ice
How can snow disappear without making a puddle?
it can sublime into water vapor
How is water different when it freezes compared to most materials?
ice is less dense than liquid water
Why does ice float in liquid water?
ice is less dense than liquid water
Why does temperature not rise during melting or boiling?
heat is used to separate particles instead of speeding them up
What is the melting point?
the temperature where a solid becomes a liquid
What is the boiling point?
the temperature where a liquid becomes a gas
Does mass change melting point or boiling point?
no these are properties of the substance
What is the melting point of water?
0 degrees c
What is the boiling point of water?
100 degrees c
Which needs more heat melting ice or boiling water?
boiling water
How does a liquid change temperature as it evaporates?
it cools down
Why does steam feel hot when it condenses on skin?
it releases heat energy as it turns into liquid water
What is thermal expansion?
when an object expands as it gains heat
What is thermal contraction?
when an object shrinks as it loses heat
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