Blood Typing & Blood Disorders

glycoproteins on the surface of red blood cells

ABO blood typing is based on…

antibodies

What is present in a person’s blood for the antigens they don’t have?

anti-A and anti-B

Type O blood has what type of antibodies?

No, it doesn’t

Does type AB blood have antibodies?

agglutination

the clumping that occurs when an antigen is combined with its corresponding antibody

a blood clot

If agglutination happened in the bloodstream, it would be similar to what?

when they are exposed to the antigen

When do Rh- individuals create antibodies?

RhoGAM shot

antibodies used to neutralize if a mother is Rh-

they would get hemolytic disease

What would happen if a mother wasn’t given the RhoGAM shot and they’re baby was Rh+?

antisera

What is blood combined with that contains ABO antibodies for blood typing?

anemia

loss of oxygen carrying capacity

aplastic anemia

anemia when bone marrow is damaged by toxic chemicals

hemolytic anemia

anemia when rbc are destroyed by toxic chemicals

iron-deficiency anemia

anemia when the lack of iron in a diet makes them hemoglobin deficient

pernicious anemia

anemia when the body isn’t able to absorb B12 and there’s an excess of immature cells

sickle cell disease

anemia when a defective gene causes abnormal rbc shape

thalassemia

anemia when a defective gene makes them hemoglobin deficient and rbc are short lived

jaundice

accumulation of bilirubin cause yellowing of skin

leukocytosis

high white blood cell count

leukopenia

low white blood cell count

maintains blood volume

What does hemostasis do?

vascular phase, platelet phase, and coagulation phase

major phases of hemostasis

calcium

What helps start the clotting process?

vitamin K

What serves as a coenzyme in clotting factor production?

serum

plasma minus the clotting factors used in blood typing

thrombus

clot that is at its origin

embolus

clot that breaks free and travels to create blockage elsewhere

hematoma

name for a bruise