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1) The religious group shown above was one of the several new faith-based communal

societies that emerged in the 1830s from which of the following?

A) Protestant Reformation

B) First Great Awakening

C) Catholic Inquisition

D) Popular Sovereignty

E) Second Great Awakening

E) Second Great Awakening

2) The approach viewed by many American religious leaders as the best way to extend

religious values was called

A) orthodoxy.

B) secularism.

C) revivalism.

D) spiritualism.

E) "spreading the Gospel."

C) revivalism.

3) The Second Great Awakening began

A) in the Congregationalist churches of New England.

B) along the Ohio River.

C) among dissenters in the cities.

D) as a result of the activities of English missionaries.

E) on the southern frontier.

E) on the southern frontier.

4) Most of those who became evangelical Protestants during the Second Great

Awakening had previously been

A) Catholics.

B) freethinkers.

C) Unitarians.

D) indifferent to religion.

E) atheists.

D) indifferent to religion.

5) On the frontier, camp meetings

A) served only religious purposes.

B) were primarily social events.

C) had little long-range impact.

D) played an important social and religious role.

E) often became violent.

D) played an important social and religious role.

6) Which of the following individuals was NOT an important religious leader in America

during the 1820s and 1830s?

A) Timothy Dwight

B) Charles Finney

C) Lyman Beecher

D) Herman Melville

E) Nathaniel Taylor

D) Herman Melville

7) The reform movement in New England began as

A) an effort to defend Calvinism against Enlightenment ideas.

B) an attempt to maintain the status quo in religion.

C) a result of the actions of social radicals in religion.

D) an outgrowth of deism.

E) a rejection of Catholicism.

A) an effort to defend Calvinism against Enlightenment ideas.

8) Which of the following groups denied the doctrine of the Trinity and the idea of an all-

powerful, mysterious God?

A) Presbyterians

B) Congregationalists

C) Unitarians

D) Methodists

E) Mormons

C) Unitarians

9) The first great practitioner of evangelical Calvinism was

A) Timothy Dwight.

B) Lyman Beecher.

C) Nathaniel Taylor.

D) John Wesley.

E) Cotton Mather.

B) Lyman Beecher.

10) In his sermons, Charles G. Finney appealed mainly to

A) emotion.

B) doctrine.

C) reason.

D) theological issues.

E) economic issues.

A) emotion.

11) Which one of the following was NOT a prominent reform cause of the Antebellum

era?

A) abolition

B) temperance

C) removal of Native Americans

D) public schools

E) "proper" behavior

C) removal of Native Americans

12) Most of the converts of northern revivalism were

A) fervent churchgoers.

B) theology students dismayed by orthodox theology.

C) citizens looking for a way to withdraw from a sinful world.

D) middle-class citizens active in their communities.

E) anti-papists.

D) middle-class citizens active in their communities.

13) Lyman Beecher was most closely associated with which one of the following reform

movements?

A) temperance

B) abolition

C) mental asylum reform

D) prison reform

E) public school reform

A) temperance

14) The Second Great Awakening did NOT inspire

A) the establishment of missionary societies.

B) the publication of religious tracts.

C) withdrawal from the secular world.

D) the founding of moral reform societies.

E) aid for the redemption of "abandoned women."

C) withdrawal from the secular world.

15) As a reform effort, the temperance movement

A) was only moderately successful.

B) was directed at a serious social problem.

C) had little impact outside religious circles.

D) emphasized religion more than social concerns.

E) was enormously popular.

B) was directed at a serious social problem.

16) Each of the following was a result of the temperance campaign of the 1830s

EXCEPT

A) thousands of local temperance organizations were set up.

B) large numbers of confirmed drunkards were cured.

C) temperance became a mark of respectability.

D) per capita consumption of hard liquor declined by over 50 percent.

E) the drinking habits of middle class American males were significantly altered.

B) large numbers of confirmed drunkards were cured.

17) Which of the following was NOT a major change in family life during the nineteenth

century?

A) Relationships between parents and children became more intimate.

B) The "cult of domesticity" gained ground.

C) Mothers assumed a more central role in child-rearing.

D) More and more women were forced to work outside the home.

E) Marriages based on romantic love became popular.

D) More and more women were forced to work outside the home.

18) The sociological basis for the "Cult of True Womanhood" was

A) the growing urban population of the nation.

B) the accepted use of child labor.

C) a growing division of labor between men and women.

D) the increasing acceptance of careers for women.

E) the staggering number of women dying during childbirth.

C) a growing division of labor between men and women.

19) The "proper" sphere for middle-class white women in the nineteenth century was

A) home and family.

B) education.

C) family and career.

D) labor outside the home.

E) business or art schools.

A) home and family.

20) As a result of changes in the middle-class family, nineteenth-century children

A) left home sooner.

B) became more available for labor.

C) received more physical punishment than earlier generations.

D) increasingly became viewed as individuals.

E) were often offered up for adoption.

D) increasingly became viewed as individuals.

21) The most important function of the school in 1850 was seen as

A) intellectual training.

B) vocational training.

C) moral indoctrination.

D) child care.

E) physical conditioning.

C) moral indoctrination.

22) Public education was most highly developed in states like ________ where towns

were required to support elementary schools.

A) New York.

B) South Carolina.

C) Massachusetts.

D) Kentucky.

E) Ohio.

C) Massachusetts.

23) The most influential spokesman for the common school movement was

A) John Harward.

B) Lyman Beecher.

C) Henry James.

D) Horace Mann.

E) Terrance Knox.

D) Horace Mann.

24) In practice, working-class families viewed the new public schools

A) as depriving them of needed wage earners.

B) as essential to the improvement of their economic situation.

C) indifferently.

D) as an indication of the helpful concern of the upper classes.

E) as a welcome learning opportunity for themselves and their children.

A) as depriving them of needed wage earners.

25) The neighborly way of dealing with deviants broke down

A) as their numbers increased dramatically.

B) because of a growing lack of concern.

C) as urbanization made communities less cohesive.

D) as state law mandated state care.

E) as polite refusal turned increasingly violent.

C) as urbanization made communities less cohesive.

26) In theory, prisons and asylums

A) were based on the "out of sight, out of mind" principle.

B) were designed for punishment.

C) were simply to confine the disorderly.

D) should focus on "breaking down the ego."

E) were to substitute for the family.

E) were to substitute for the family.

27) In the final analysis, prisons and asylums

A) provided effective remedies for the problem of deviants.

B) won widespread popular support.

C) did not achieve the aims of their founders.

D) completely lacked government support.

E) were nurturing retreats of redemption.

C) did not achieve the aims of their founders.

28) The leader of the movement to reform asylums and prisons was

A) Dorothea Dix.

B) Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

C) Henry C. Wright.

D) Frederick Douglass.

E) Mary McLeod-Bethune.

A) Dorothea Dix.

29) The changes in the reform movement in the mid-1830s demonstrated

A) the waning of the reform impulse.

B) the failure of the movement.

C) a lessening of intensity and interest.

D) a new mood of impatience and perfectionism.

E) changes brought to bear by the federal government.

D) a new mood of impatience and perfectionism.

30) Which one of the following individuals was NOT a major figure in the nineteenth-

century reform movements?

A) Dorothea Dix

B) Horace Mann

C) William Lloyd Garrison

D) Alexis de Tocqueville

E) Lyman Beecher

D) Alexis de Tocqueville

31) Which of the following individuals is incorrectly matched with his or her reform

movement?

A) Lyman Beecher? Temperance

B) Horace Mann? Public Schools

C) Dorothea Dix? Abolition

D) Elizabeth Cady Stanton? Women's Rights

E) All of the above are correctly matched.

C) Dorothea Dix? Abolition

32) In 1821, the American Colonization Society established which colony as a refuge for

former slaves returned to Africa?

A) Zambia

B) Senegal

C) Chad

D) Namibia

E) Liberia

E) Liberia

33) The actions of the American Colonization Society indicated

A) its realization of the economic realities of slavery.

B) the power of racial prejudice.

C) its desire to help freed slaves return to what it thought was the right cultural

environment.

D) its fears of race wars in the South.

E) all of the above

E) all of the above

34) The colonization movement failed as a solution to eliminate slavery mainly because

A) African countries did not want the freed slaves.

B) freed slaves did not wish to return to Africa.

C) few slaves were actually freed for the purpose of colonization.

D) government intervention hampered its efforts.

E) insufficient numbers of passenger ships existed.

C) few slaves were actually freed for the purpose of colonization.

35) The founder of the radical anti-slavery movement was

A) William Lloyd Garrison.

B) William Whipper.

C) Frederick Douglass.

D) Harriet Beecher Stowe.

E) Harriet Tubman.

A) William Lloyd Garrison.

37) The chief example of the tie between revivalism and abolitionism was the career of

A) Theodore Weld.

B) Charles G. Finney.

C) Lyman Beecher.

D) Lewis Tappan.

E) Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

A) Theodore Weld.

38) In the large cities of the North, abolitionism

A) was wholeheartedly supported.

B) received little attention.

C) garnered thousands of supporters.

D) was often violently opposed.

E) was a foregone conclusion.

D) was often violently opposed.

39) Abolitionism received its greatest support in the

A) border states.

B) small to medium-sized towns of the upper North.

C) large cities.

D) frontier territories.

E) northern state legislatures.

B) small to medium-sized towns of the upper North.

40) The stand of ________ on women's rights led to an open break in the abolitionist

movement in the 1840s.

A) William Lloyd Garrison

B) Ralph Waldo Emerson

C) Henry Thoreau

D) Charles G. Finney

E) Timothy Dwight

A) William Lloyd Garrison

41) Historians have evaluated abolitionism as

A) successfully turning most Americans against slavery.

B) having little effect on the South.

C) successfully bringing slavery to the forefront of the American consciousness.

D) winning powerful supporters throughout the country.

E) a peaceful solution to the problem of slavery.

C) successfully bringing slavery to the forefront of the American consciousness.

42) An important consequence of the abolitionist movement was

A) the American Colonization Society.

B) the development of the women's rights movement.

C) the birth of socialism in America.

D) the death of slavery.

E) the end of the states' rights movement.

B) the development of the women's rights movement.

43) The belief that one could communicate with the dead was called

A) transcendentalism.

B) spiritualism.

C) evangelicalism.

D) utopian socialism.

E) Unitarianism.

B) spiritualism.

44) ________ became one of the most significant leaders of the women's rights

movement.

A) Elizabeth Cady Stanton

B) Angela Grimke

C) Dorothea Dix

D) Harriet Beecher Stowe

E) Louisa May Alcott

A) Elizabeth Cady Stanton

45) The utopian socialist community at New Harmony, Indiana, was founded by

A) Robert Owen.

B) Charles Fourier.

C) the Shakers.

D) Karl Marx.

E) Ralph Waldo Emerson.

A) Robert Owen.

46) What religion advocated sexual equality, communal ownership, and strict celibacy?

A) Mormon

B) Shaker

C) Protestant

D) Mennonite

E) Quaker

B) Shaker

47) ________ believed herself to be the female incarnation of Christ.

A) Elizabeth Cady Stanton

B) Frances Wright

C) Mother Ann Lee

D) Mary Baker Eddy

E) Sojourner Truth

C) Mother Ann Lee

48) Abolitionism served as a catalyst for the ________ movement.

A) temperance

B) women's rights

C) utopian socialist

D) transcendentalist

E) prison reform

B) women's rights

49) Transcendentalism was the American version of

A) anarchism.

B) socialism.

C) utopianism.

D) romanticism.

E) agrarianism.

D) romanticism.

50) Utopian communities established in early 19th century America included each of the

following EXCEPT

A) Brook Farm.

B) Oneida.

C) Fourierist "phalanxes."

D) Heaven's Gate.

E) New Harmony.

D) Heaven's Gate.

51) Henry David Thoreau pushed the idea of ________ to its logical conclusion in his

sojourn at Walden Pond between 1845 and 1847.

A) "self-culture"

B) utopianism

C) abolitionism

D) socialism

E) agrarianism

A) "self-culture"