Chapter 5 — DNA / Chromosome / Cell Cycle Terms

adenine / adenosine

a purine nitrogenous base (adenine in DNA, adenosine in nucleoside form)
antiparallel

in RNA or nucleoside form, cytidine)
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

polymer of deoxyribonucleotides that stores genetic information
deoxyribose

nucleotide = sugar + base + phosphate(s)
origin of replication (replication origin)

the site(s) on DNA where replication begins (DNA strands are first separated)
phosphate

in nucleotides, phosphate links sugars (forming backbone)
phosphodiester backbone

the sugar–phosphate backbone of DNA/RNA, linked via phosphodiester bonds
purine

often single‑stranded and involved in gene expression
ribose

the sugar in RNA nucleotides (5‑carbon sugar with –OH at 2′)
S phase

thymidine is the corresponding nucleoside
uracil / uridine

uracil is the pyrimidine base in RNA (replacing thymine)

uridine is its nucleosid