Water Cycle

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77 Terms

1
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蒸發

Evaporation zing¹ faat³

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冷凝

Condensation laang⁵ ling⁴

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降水

Precipitation gong³ seoi²

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下滲

Infiltration haa⁶ sam³

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徑流

Runoff ging³ lau⁴

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蒸騰作用

Transpiration zing¹ tang⁴ zok³ jung⁶

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蒸散發

Evapotranspiration zing¹ saan³ faat³

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地下水補給

Groundwater Recharge dai⁶ haa⁶ seoi² bou² kap¹

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含水層(承壓/非承壓)(Aquifer:

Aquifer (Confined/Unconfined) ham⁴ seoi² cang⁴ (sing⁴ aat³/fei¹ sing⁴ aat³)

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地下水位

Water Table dai⁶ haa⁶ seoi² wai⁶

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滲透作用

Percolation sam³ tau³ zok³ jung⁶

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水文循環

Hydrologic Cycle seoi² man⁴ cyun⁴ waan⁴

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地表水

Surface Water dei⁶ biu² seoi²

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基流

Baseflow gei¹ lau⁴

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毛細作用

Capillary Action mou⁴ sai³ zok³ jung⁶

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綜合水資源管理

Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) zung¹ hap⁶ seoi² zi¹ jyun⁴ gun² lei⁵

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水資源短缺

Water Scarcity seoi² zi¹ jyun⁴ dyun² dyun²

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水資源壓力

Water Stress seoi² zi¹ jyun⁴ ngaak³ lik⁶

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可持續發展目標6(潔淨水與衛生)(Sustainable

Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 6) ho² zuk¹ keoi⁴ faat³ zin² muk⁶ biu¹ luk⁶

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水足跡

Water Footprint seoi² zuk¹ zik¹

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虛擬水

Virtual Water heoi¹ ji⁴ seoi²

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水權

Water Rights seoi² kyun⁴

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河岸帶

Riparian Zones ho⁴ ngon⁶ daai³

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需求管理

Demand Management seoi¹ keoi⁴ gun² lei⁵

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節水

Water Conservation zit³ seoi²

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非飲用水

Non-Potable Water fei¹ jam² jung⁶ seoi²

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灰水回收

Greywater Recycling fui¹ seoi² wui⁴ sau¹

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雨水收集

Rainwater Harvesting jyu⁵ seoi² sau² zaap⁶

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水-能源關聯

Water-Energy Nexus seoi² - nang⁴ jyun⁴ gwaan¹ lyun⁴

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氣候適應

Climate Adaptation hei³ hau⁶ sik¹ jing³

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濁度

Turbidity zuk⁶ dou⁶

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pH值

pH Level pH zik⁶

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溶解氧

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) jyun⁴ gaai² joeng¹

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生化需氧量

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) sang¹ faa³ seoi¹ joeng¹ loeng⁶

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化學需氧量

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) faa³ hok⁶ seoi¹ joeng¹ loeng⁶

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總懸浮固體

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) zung² jyun⁴ fau⁴ gu³ tai²

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總溶解固體

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) zung² jyun⁴ gaai² gu³ tai²

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優養化

Eutrophication jau¹ joeng⁵ faa³

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病原體

Pathogens beng⁶ jyun⁴ tai²

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大腸桿菌群

Coliform Bacteria daai⁶ coeng⁴ gon² kwan² kwan⁴

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點源污染

Point Source Pollution dim² jyun⁴ wu¹ jim⁵

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非點源污染

Non-Point Source Pollution fei¹ dim² jyun⁴ wu¹ jim⁵

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沉積作用

Sedimentation cam⁴ zik¹ zok³ jung⁶

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營養鹽負荷(氮/磷)(Nutrient

Nutrient Loading (Nitrogen/Phosphorus) jing¹ joeng⁵ jim⁴ fu⁶ ho⁶ (daam⁶/leon⁴)

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海水淡化

Desalination hoi² seoi² daam⁶ faa³

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逆滲透

Reverse Osmosis jik⁶ sam³ tau³

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污水處理(初級/二級/三級)(Wastewater

Wastewater Treatment wu¹ seoi² cyu² lei⁵ (co¹ kap¹/ji⁶ kap¹/saam¹ kap¹)

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人工濕地

Constructed Wetlands jan⁴ gung¹ sap¹ dei⁶

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污泥處理

Sludge Treatment wu¹ nai⁴ cyu² lei⁵

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生物固體

Biosolids sang¹ mat⁶ gu³ tai²

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消毒(氯化/紫外線)(Disinfection:

Disinfection (Chlorination/UV) siu¹ duk⁶ (luk⁶ faa³/zi² ngoi⁶ sin³)

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混凝/絮凝

Coagulation/Flocculation wang⁴ king⁴/seoi⁵ king⁴

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過濾

Filtration gwo³ leoi⁶

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水力傳導係數

Hydraulic Conductivity seoi² lik⁶ cyun⁴ dou⁶ hai⁶ sou³

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透水鋪面

Permeable Pavement tau³ seoi² pou¹ min⁶

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堤防

Levees tai⁴ fong⁴

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水壩/水庫

Dams/Reservoirs seoi² baa³/seoi² fu³

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雨水管理

Stormwater Management jyu⁵ seoi² gun² lei⁵

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水質與污染

Water Quality & Pollution seoi2zat1 tung4 wu1jim5

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水循環與水文學

Water Cycle and Pollution seoi2 ceon4waan4 tung4 seoi2man4hok6

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集水區

Watershed/Catchment Area zaap⁶ seoi² keoi¹

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流域

Drainage Basin lau⁴ wik⁶

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洪氾區

Floodplain hung⁴ faan³ keoi¹

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河口系統

Estuarine Systems ho⁴ hau² hai⁶ tung²

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生態系統服務

Ecosystem Services sang¹ taai³ hai⁶ tung² fuk⁶ mou⁶

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棲息地保育

Habitat Conservation cai¹ sik¹ dei⁶ bou² juk⁶

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生物多樣性

Biodiversity sang¹ mat⁶ do¹ joeng⁶ sing³

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海水入侵

Saltwater Intrusion hoi² seoi² jap⁶ sam¹

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侵蝕控制

Erosion Control cam¹ sik⁶ hung³ zai³

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水文極端事件(旱災/洪災)(Hydrological

Hydrological Extremes (Droughts/Floods) seoi² man⁴ gik⁶ dyun¹ si⁶ gin³ (hon⁴ zoi¹/hung⁴ zoi¹)

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氣候韌性

Climate Resilience hei³ hau⁶ jan⁶ sing³

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重現期

Return Period cung⁴ jin⁶ kei⁴

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水文模型

Hydrologic Modeling seoi² man⁴ mou⁴ jing⁴

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遙感技術(地理資訊系統應用)(Remote

Remote Sensing (GIS Applications) jiu⁴ gam² gei⁶ seot⁶ (dei⁶ lei⁵ zi¹ seon³ hai⁶ tung² jing³ jung⁶)

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統計水文學

Statistical Hydrology tung² gai³ seoi² man⁴ hok⁶

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頻率分析

Frequency Analysis pan⁴ leot⁶ fan¹ sik¹

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水文數據分析

Hydrological Data Analysis seoi² man⁴ sou³ geoi³ fan¹ sik¹