Architecture and Decor - Egypt

Based on class lecture, not the textbook

Three significant buildings and structures and their association

Pyramids
Temples
Tombs
Associated with life and death

6 constructed things introduced by the Egyptians

Columns
Capitals
Cornice
Pylon
Obelisk
Dressed Stone

T/F - The ancient Egyptians were monotheistic for the majority of the time from Egypt’s establishment its annexation by the Roman empire

False, ancient Egyptians were only monotheistic under the reign of King Akhenaten

Queen Nefertiti

One of the most powerful women in Egypt

Two most important Egyptian motifs

Lotus & Papyrus

Papyrus motif

Lotus motif

Egyptian patterns

Guilloche
Palmette
Wave
Spiral
Sun disk
Vulture

Ancient Egyptian written language

Hieroglyphics

Four characteristics of Egyptian architecture

Symmetry
Repose
Solidity
Weightedness

T/F - Columns and walls had color on them

True

Three parts of a column

Capital (Top)
Shaft (Middle)
Base (Bottom)

What does it mean for a column to be “engaged”?

To be attached to a wall, for decorative or structural purpose

Lintel

A horizontal beam with a structural purpose

Architraves

a Lintel with decorative carving and paint on it

Lintel decorative motifs

Roll
Scroll
Bead

Mastabas

Egyptian funerary mounds

Hypostyle hall columns are decorated with _____ motifs

Lotus

Facade walls are slanted for _____

Stability

T/F - Facade windows are low on walls

False, facade windows are high on walls

What did the Egyptians invent in relation to doors?

Pivot hinges