Modern World History Test

yalta conference

a conference where the US, UK, and USSR agreed to divide Germany into zones of occupation controlled by the Allied military forces (U.S., UK, France, and USSR)

united nations

an international organization with 50 countries that was meant to protect countries within this organization

iron curtain

a border that divided Europe into communist East Europe and Western Europe. Not a physical barrier, but a symbol and term.

containment policy

a policy directed at blocking Soviet influence and stopping the expansion of communism

truman doctrine

The Truman Doctrine was a U.S. policy that promised military and economic aid to countries resisting communism, especially in response to threats from the Soviet Union

soviet union satellite nations

This helped establish the divide between western and eastern Europe

marshall plan

The U.S. led plan to rebuild Western Europe to prevent the spread of communism in the West since the East was already mostly Communist

berlin airlift

Russia holds Western Germany hostage, but American and British officials supply into the Western Germany/Berlin

NATO

An alliance of Western European states loyal to the USA

warsaw pact

alliance of Eastern European (behind the Iron Curtain) states loyal to USSR

China(s)

Splits China into 2…

Taiwan- Republic of China (Nationalist)

Mainland China- The Peoples Republic of China (Communist)

The communists kick nationals out of china

Chiang Kai-shek

The nationalist leader of the Republic of China

Mao Zedong

the communist leader of the Peoples Republic of China

cultural revolution

Movement to build society of peasants/workers

Closing of schools

1968- Chinese army takes down the Red Guard

korean war

was a war between north korea and south korea

38th parallel

The lines that separates north and south korea

Douglas MacArthur

Leads United Nation assistance in South Korea

domino theory

when one nation became communist, surrounding nations followed

Vietnam war

Was a Cold War era conflict where the U.S. tried, and failed, to stop communism from spreading in Vietnam

Ho Chi Minh

He was the communist leader of North Vietnam who fought to free Vietnam from French control and unite Vietnam in Communism

third world nations

Developing nations that are often newly independent and nonaligned

nonaligned nations

independent countries not involved in Cold War

Cuba

Dictator- Batista to Castro

Cuban missile crisis- soviet builds missiles in Cuba, eventually leading Cuba to rely on Soviet Union

Fidel Castro

Was a harsh dictator of Cuba

iran

Shah brings in western ideas, Muslims revolt, US brings Shah back, but shah flees again and Iran becomes Muslim

Afghanistan

Soviet Invasion- Soviets invade, but end up fighting too long until they withdraw in 1989 due to becoming to costly and making Russia look weak

destalinization

Attempts to cease the memory of Stalin

Led by Nikita Khrushchev

Nicarágua 

john f. kennedy

35th presidents (1961- 1963)

very anti communist

increases us involvement in Vietnam

Nikita Khrushchev

A dominant soviet leader who creates desalinization

Richard Nixon

was the 37th President who created the Détente Policy and was the first president to interact/go to a communist country (China)

Détente Policy

Replacing the Brinkmanship Policy, this was created by Nixon which was a policy to loosen Cold War tension by having realistic/justified responses

SALT I Treaty

A 5 year agreement that limited the amount of nuclear missiles a country could have

Ronald Reagan

Leonid Brezhnev