England and its COLONIES

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What was the Protestant reformation?

• For 1,300 years THE catholic church was the leading power in Europe 

  •  All christians, including kings. Were expected to do as the Pope and the Church instructed. Such power led to problems of corruption in the church. A priest, Martin Luther wrote about how the church had been corrupted and how it could be fixed.

    •  Followers of this movement were known as Protestants.The reformation swept through England. Rulers were forced to choose between supporting Catholic Church or Protestant.

What was the impact of the Protestant Reformation?

As a result of the reformation, European countries that had already viewed each other as rivals had yet another issue to divide them. This new religious divide between Catholic and Protestants. Spreaded their version of Christianity around the world.

Why did different European countries send out explorers?

To spread Protesism, Spread Catholicsm, get resources, trade goods, stories and better farmlands

What general reasons were New England colonies created for and what did they offer to colonists?

New England colonies were created for the idea of Religious freedom so that they could practce their religion freely.

Who were the Puritans?

The Puritans were a group of people who wanted to make changes but were often Persecuted so they looked to the Americas for religious freedom.

The Middle Colonies created for and what did they offer to colonists?

Middle Colonies wanted a good relationship with Natives, rights to elect representatives, promise religion by jury

were Southern Colonies created for and what did they offer to colonists?

The Southern Colonies wanted big lands for farms, welcomed catholics and protestants, learn trade

Who was Roger Williams?

Roger Williams was the fouder of Rhode Island who believed in civil lives and religious liberty for all.

What were Roger Williams’ beliefs about religion and the Native Americans?

Roger Williams wanted religious freedom in civil lives and religious liberty in separation between religion and state and welcomed all.                                                                                                                     

• He argued that the Natives should not have their land stolen and should be treated fairly                                                                                                                                                         

• To become a religious free place and guaranteed a free separation in political structure towards religion

What is social mobility?

Social Mobility is the idea that everyone should be allowed to climb the social ranks by hard work and dedication

Why was social mobility important in the colonies?

It was important because it was hard to get by in Europe because they believed you were born that way into society and would die that way only some people succesufully climbed above their social rank

What is mercantilism?

The idea that trade creates wealth, and colonies exist to generate wealth for the country that owns them.

What was the economy of New England based on?

1. Whales were  hunted in Connecticut and Massachusetts to be used in oil, art, and other materials.

2.  raw materials to Britain for a small profit and then buy expensive finished products back from Britain.

3.   Sugar was brought in from the Caribbean and turned into rum in Rhode Island.

4.   While the colonies did not pay a huge amount of taxes to Britain, the goods they produced made many companies incredibly wealthy and made Britain powerful

5.  . Sugar was brought in from the Caribbean and turned into rum in Rhode Island. All of these products sold for huge profits

What was the economy of the Middle Colonies based on?

1.   Middle Colonies was focused mainly on farming foodstuffs. 

2.  They grew so much food they were known as the “breadbasket” colonies

3. New York Pennsylvania grew a huge amount of grain and wheat,

4.   The area also raised a large amount of livestock such as cattle, pigs, and chicken. 

5.  Farmlands and growing food to sell

What was the economy of the Southern Colonies based on?

1.   was focused on growing cash crops. 

2.  These are often crops that require specific climates and will later be turned into other products that can be sold for large profits.

3.  They would grow tobacco, rice, indigo, and cotton

4.  They would turn the crops into other products to sell

5.  They would sell the crops in big groups in order to sell them

Who was at the top and bottom of the social hierarchy of the south?

 The planters were at the top and the slaves were at the bottom of the social hierarchy pyramid of the south

What was Triangular Trade?

Triangular trade was a historical 16th to 19th-century trade system that connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas, forming a three-legged route across the Atlantic. Transporting millions of Africans against their will making them work on plantations as slaves.