Anatomy of the Brain

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to the anatomy of the brain.

Neuron

A cell in the nervous system that transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.

Cerebrum

The largest part of the brain, responsible for integration, outer layer is called the cerebral cortex. Covered with Sulci and gyriand divided into left and right hemispheres.

Diencephalon

A part of the brain located deep within the brain that connects the cerebrum to the brain stem.(interbrain)

Brain Stem

The part of the brain that connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord and controls basic life functions.

Cerebellum

Also known as the 'little brain,' it is responsible for muscle memory and coordination.

Thalamus

Part of the diencephalon that sorts data and sends it to the proper part of the cerebrum.

Hypothalamus

A region below the thalamus that maintains homeostasis and controls the pituitary gland.

Pituitary Gland

The master endocrine gland that controls other hormone-releasing glands.

Occipital Lobe

The lobe of the brain that receives and interprets visual information.

Temporal Lobe

The lobe responsible for auditory processing, olfactory information, and memory development.

Frontal Lobe

The lobe that is involved in executive functions such as planning, decision making, and emotional control.

Parietal Lobe

The lobe that processes sensory information and spatial awareness.

Corpus Callosum

The structure that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Sulci

The valleys or grooves on the surface of the brain.

Gyri

The peaks or ridges on the surface of the brain.

Broca's Area

A region in the frontal lobe that is responsible for speech production.

Wernicke's Area

A region in the temporal lobe that is responsible for language comprehension. Understand speech

Hippocampus

A structure in the brain involved in the transition of short-term memory to long-term memory.

Amygdala

A section of the brain involved in emotion regulation, particularly fear and anxiety.

Medulla Oblongata

Part of the brain stem that regulates autonomic functions such as heart rate and respiration.

Pons

A part of the brain stem that serves as a bridge between the cerebellum and other brain regions.

Midbrain

Part of the brain stem that is responsible for auditory and visual reflexes.

Brain

Made of almost 86 billion multipolar neurons • Divided into four regions

What is brain made of

Made of gray (soma) and white matter (axon)