JLPT N5 Grammar / Defintions

Outright Grammar Title vs. Definition

です

To be, Is

は

As for… (Highlights sentence topic)

も

Also, Too, As well, Even, Either, Neither

これ

This

それ

That

あれ

That (over there)

の

Indicates possession

いい

い-Adjective meaning 'good'

い-Adjectives

Adjectives ending in い

な-Adjectives

Adjectives that are also nouns

か

Question marking particle

が

Subject marking particle, Identification particle

よ

Emphasis (Sentence ending particle)

ね

Isn't it?, Right? (Sentence ending particle)

る-Verb (Dictionary)

る + ます (Ichidan Verbs)

う-Verb (Dictionary)

う + ます (Godan Verbs)

を

Object marking particle

る-Verb (Negative)

Will/Does/Do (not)

う-Verb (Negative)

Will/Does/Do (not)

と

And

ここ

Here, This place

そこ

There, That place

あそこ

Over there

で

At, In

に

In, At, To, For, On

か

Or

と

With

でしょう

Right?, Probably, Isn't it?

だろう

Right?, Probably, Isn't it?

がある

To be, There is

がいる

To be, There is, To remain (in a state)

この

This

その

That

あの

That (over there)

～んです・のです

Explanatory, Emphasis, The fact is

い-Adjective (Past)

Was, Were (Past tense)

の

Verb nominalizer, The one who…, That which…

い-Adjective + Noun

Describing a noun

な-Adjective + Noun

Describing a noun

へいく

To go to, To head toward

する

To do, To make into

くる

To come

る-Verb (Past)

る - Verbs (Past tense)

う-Verb (Past)

う - Verbs (Past tense)

好き

Like, Fond of

きらい

Dislike, Not fond of

のがすき

Like doing, Love doing

がある + Noun

Noun (B) that has Noun (A), Noun (B) with Noun (A)

い-Adjectives くない

Not (Adjective)

で

With, By (using)

ので

Because, So, Since, The reason being

から

Because, Since

から

From

けど・だけど

But, However

が

But, However

る-Verb (Negative-Past)

る - Verbs (Negative-past tense)

う-Verb (Negative-Past)

う - Verbs (Negative-past tense)

Verb + て

And, Then (Linking events)

ている①

Is, Am, Are (~ing)

へ

To, Toward

Verb + にいく

To go ~, To go in order to ~

誰

Who

い-Adjective (Predicate)

い-Adjective (Predicate)

な-Adjective だ

な-Adjective (Predicate)

だった・でした

Was, Were (Past tense)

じゃない

Is not, Isn't

じゃなかった

Was not, Wasn't

い-Adjective くなかった

Was not, Wasn't (Adjective)

と

Quotation

って

Casual quotation

Verbs (Non-past)

(Non-past)

Verb［た・ている］+ Noun

Verb modified noun, Relative clause

の

Possessive use (Noun omission)

な

Do not, Don't (Prohibitive)

だけ

Only, Just

どれ

Which (of three or more)

どこ

Where

どの

Which (of three or more), What (kind)

ている②

State of being, Has (have) done

てから

Once…is done, Once…happens, After doing

Verb + て+ B

And, And then, After that (sequence)

もう

Already, Anymore

まだ

Still, Not yet

まだ～ていません

Still haven't done (something)

てもいい

It is alright/fine/okay even if, Can/may, ~ is also okay

たい

Want to do

たり～たりする

Things like ~ and ~

けっこう

Quite, A lot, Fairly, Rather

たくさん

Many, A lot of, Plenty, Enough

まえに

Before, In front of

くらい ①

About, Approximately

Noun + まで

Until, Till, To (but no further than)

Verb + まで

Until (something) happens

すぎる

Too much, Very

にする

To decide on, To choose, To make something into, To view something as

～になる・～くなる

To become (Adjective)

のなかで～がいちばん～

Out of ~, ~ is the best/most ~

より～のほうが

To be more ~ than ~

なにか・なにも

Something, Nothing, Anything, Not anything, Some kind of, Not any kind of

誰か・どこか・誰も・どこも

Someone, Somewhere, Not anyone, Not anywhere