Foundations of Epidemiology: Lecture 9 Study Designs

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to epidemiological study designs as outlined in the lecture notes.

Descriptive Study

A type of study that is used to provide basic information or initial insights about a population or situation, often used for hypothesis generation.

Analytic Study

A study that tests hypotheses and examines the relationship between exposures and outcomes.

Ecologic Study

A study that measures exposure and/or outcome at the population level rather than the individual level.

Cross-Sectional Study

A type of observational study that analyzes data from a population at a specific point in time.

Cohort Study

An analytic study where groups of individuals are followed over time to compare outcomes based on exposure status.

Case-Control Study

A retrospective study that compares individuals with a specific condition (cases) to those without it (controls) based on past exposures.

Survival Curve

A graphical representation showing the proportion of a population that survives over time.

Correlation Coefficient (r)

A statistical measure that describes the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables.

Prevalence

The total number of cases of a disease in a population at a specific time.

Randomized Clinical Trials

Experiments in which participants are randomly assigned to receive either an experimental treatment or a control to evaluate its efficacy.