Test 1 Outline: Chapters 1–3 BSC2085 – Spring 2026
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A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from chapters 1-3 of the BSC2085 lecture notes for Spring 2026.
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35 Terms
Cranial
Relating to the head.
Superior
Toward the head (cranial).
Inferior
Toward the feet (caudal).
Anterior
Toward the front (ventral).
Posterior
Toward the back (dorsal).
Medial
Toward the midline of the body.
Lateral
Away from the midline of the body.
Proximal
Closer to the point of attachment.
Distal
Farther from the point of attachment.
Sagittal plane
Divides the body into left and right.
Coronal plane
Divides the body into anterior and posterior.
Transverse plane
Divides the body into superior and inferior.
Dorsal cavity
Contains cranial and vertebral cavities.
Ventral cavity
Contains thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
Pleura
Serous membrane associated with lungs.
Pericardium
Serous membrane associated with the heart.
Peritoneum
Serous membrane associated with abdominal organs.
Atom
Smallest unit of matter.
Proton
Positively charged particle in an atom.
Neutron
Neutral particle in an atom.
Electron
Negatively charged particle in an atom.
Ion
An atom with a charge.
Covalent bond
A bond where electrons are shared.
Ionic bond
A bond where electrons are transferred.
Hydrogen bond
Weak attraction between hydrogen and oxygen/nitrogen.
pH scale
Measures hydrogen ion concentration; ranges from 0–14.
Carbohydrates
Macromolecules with general formula (CH₂O)n.
Glycosidic bond
A bond formed between two monosaccharides.
Triglycerides
Fat molecules consisting of three fatty acids and glycerol.
Phospholipids
Molecules that make up the cell membrane, consisting of two fatty acids and a phosphate group.
Protein
Polymers made up of amino acids.
Enzyme
Biological catalysts that lower activation energy.
DNA
Double-stranded nucleic acid that stores genetic information.
RNA
Single-stranded nucleic acid involved in protein synthesis.
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell.
Note 
Flashcards (54)