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Inductor
A passive electronic component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it.
Inductance (L)
The property of an inductor that quantifies its ability to store energy in a magnetic field, measured in henries (H).
Dielectric
An insulating material that increases the capacitance of a capacitor when placed between its plates.
Frequency (f)
The number of oscillations or cycles per unit time in an AC circuit, measured in hertz (Hz).
Alternating current (AC)
An electric current that reverses direction periodically, as opposed to direct current (DC), which flows in one direction.
Direct current (DC)
An electric current that flows in one direction only and is typically produced by batteries.
Transformer
A device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.
Magnetic field
A field around a magnet or current-carrying conductor in which magnetic forces can be observed.
Reactance
The opposition to alternating current in a circuit due to capacitors and inductors, measured in ohms.
Impedance (Z)
The total opposition to alternating current, combining resistance and reactance, also measured in ohms.
Resonance
A phenomenon where a system oscillates at greater amplitude at certain frequencies, known as the resonant frequency.
Lenz's Law
The principle stating that the induced current in a closed loop will flow in a direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux.
Transformer efficiency
The ratio of the output power to input power in a transformer, indicating how effectively it converts energy.
Farad (F)
The unit of capacitance, defined as one coulomb per volt.
Coulomb (C)
The SI unit of electric charge, defined as the charge transported by a constant current of one ampere in one second.
Siemens (S)
The unit of electrical conductance, the reciprocal of resistance, equal