Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology: Articulations

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to articulations from the lecture notes on anatomy and physiology.

Joint

An area where two bones meet; also called an articulation.

Arthroplasty

Surgical repair of a joint or total joint replacement.

Synarthrosis

An immovable joint.

Amphiarthrosis

A slightly movable joint.

Diarthrosis

A freely movable joint; all diarthroses are synovial joints.

Fibrous joints

Bones or teeth held together by dense fibrous tissue.

Cartilaginous joints

Bones connected by a piece of cartilage.

Synovial joints

Bones separated by synovial fluid, allowing for flexibility and movement.

Meniscus

Fibrocartilaginous pad that absorbs shock and distributes load in joints.

Bursae

Fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction and absorb shock around joints.

Synovial fluid

Fluid secreted by the synovial membrane, lubricating joints and distributing nutrients.

Syndesmosis

Joint in which opposing surfaces are united by a ligament.

Symphysis

Cartilaginous joint in which articulating bones are separated by a pad of fibrocartilage.

Flexion

The act of bending a joint, decreasing the angle between bones.

Extension

The act of straightening a joint, increasing the angle between bones.

Circumduction

Circular movement of a joint involving flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

Rotator cuff

A group of muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder joint.

Intervertebral discs

Fibrocartilaginous cushions between vertebrae that absorb shock.

Ligamentum flava

Ligaments that connect the lamina of adjacent vertebrae.

Ischiofemoral ligament

A ligament reinforcing the posterior aspect of the hip joint.

Acetabular labrum

A fibrocartilaginous rim that deepens the socket of the hip joint.