THE TRANSPORT LAYER

Multiplexing; Demultiplexing

_____________ means accepting items from more than one source ______________ means delivering items to more than one destination.

True

In the stop-and-wait protocol acknowledgement type is for individual packet

process-to-process

One of the main duties of the transport layer is to provide _________________ communication.

an IP address and a port number

A socket address is a combination of __________

Pushing; Pulling

_____________ means the producer delivers the items when they are produced. ________________ means the customer takes the items when it is ready to do so.

True

In the stop-and-wait protocol, the sender sends one data packet to the receiver and then stops and waits for the receiver to acknowledge it.

True

In the Go-Back-N protocol, if a sent frame found suspected or damaged then all the frames are retransmitted till the packet before the last successfully received packet

True

In the selective-repeat protocol, negative acknowledgement is for individual packet.

True

In the Go-Back-N protocol, acknowledgement type is cumulative.

True

In the selective-repeat protocol, only the suspected or damaged frames are retransmitted.

an ephemeral; a well-known

A client program normally uses _____________ port number. A server program normally uses ___________ port number.

transport

UDP and TCP are two protocols at the ___________ layer.

two

To use the services of UDP, we need _______________ socket addresses.

end-to-end

Communicaion at the transport layer is ____________

transport

UDP and TCP are two protocols at the ____________ layer

well-known; registered; dynamic or private

The ports ranging from 0 to 1,023 are called the _____________ ports. The ports ranging from 1,024 to 49,151 are called ____________ ports. The ports ranging from 49,152 to 65,535 are called the _________ ports.

the process running on the sending computer

The source port number on the UDP user datagram header defines ___________

port addresses

At the transport layer, to define the processes, we need two identifiers called ________________

datagrams

UDP packets are called ________________

connectionless, unreliable

UDP is a ________________________ transport protocol.

16

A port number is ____________ bits long

None of the above

Which of the following does UDP provide?

a. Flow Control

b. Connection-oriented delivery

c. Error control

d. All of the above

e. None of the above

User Datagram Protocol

UDP is an acronym for ___________

mandatory

The inclusion of the checksum in the TCP segment is ______________

byte-oriented

TCP is a ______________ protocol

congestion avoidance

In TCP's ____________________ algorithm the size of the congestion window increases additively until congestion is detected.

additively; congestion is detected

In the congestion avoidance algorithm, the size of the congestion window grows ________________

connection-oriented, reliable

TCP is a ____________________________ transport protocol

exponentially; it reaches a thresold

In the slow start algorithm, the size of the congestion window grows ______________ until _____________

slow start

In TCP's ______________ algorithm the size of the congestion window increases exponentially until it reaches a thresold

Congestion

_______________ control refers to the mechanisms and techniques to keep the load below the capacity

an acknowledgement mechanism

TCP uses ___________ to check the safe and sound arrival of data.

SYN flooding

The connection establishment procedure in TCP is susceptible to a serious security problem called the _____________ attack.

one

In TCP, an ACK segments that carry no data consumes _______________ sequence numbers(s).

reliable

TCP is a(n) _____________ transport protocol.

full-duplex

Communication in TCP is ______________

segment

TCP groups a number of bytes together into a packet called a ____________