Experimental Design and Data Analysis

Flashcards covering key vocabulary from a lecture on experimental design, ANOVA, and scientific paper writing.

Pairwise Comparisons

A method to analyze interactions between variables, like witchweed and fertilizer, often visualized with interaction plots.

Interaction Plot

A visual representation of how different variables interact, used to guide recommendations in experiments (e.g., fertilizer or weed control).

Tukey's Test

A post-hoc test used to further analyze significant interactions identified in ANOVA.

Family Wise Error Rate

The probability of making at least one Type I error (false positive) when performing multiple hypothesis tests.

Factorial Designs

Experimental designs that allow researchers to address multiple research questions at once and understand potential interaction mechanisms.

Main Effect

The effect of one independent variable on a dependent variable, ignoring all other independent variables.

Interaction

When the effect of one independent variable on a dependent variable depends on the level of another independent variable.

ANOVA Table

A table summarizing the results of an ANOVA test, including F-statistics, p-values, and degrees of freedom.

Model Assumptions for ANOVA

Assumptions that must be met for ANOVA results to be valid, including normality of residuals and equal variance.

Residuals vs Fitted Plot

A diagnostic plot used to check the assumption of equal variance in ANOVA models.

QQ Plot

A diagnostic plot used to check the assumption of normality of residuals in ANOVA models.

Log Transformation

A common data transformation used to address issues of non-normality or unequal variance, especially with count data.

Square Root Transformation

A harsher data transformation that can be used to address issues of non-normality or unequal variance.

Arcsine Transformation

A data transformation specifically for proportion data (percentages).

Type One Errors

errors that occur when a researcher rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true.

Kruskal-Wallis Test

A non-parametric test used as an alternative to one-way ANOVA when the assumptions of ANOVA are not met.

Metadata

Data that describes other data, providing information about variables, measurements, and experimental procedures.

R Markdown

A simple markdown format for creating dynamic documents with embedded R code

Quattro

A dynamic document format for statistical reporting

Scientific Paper Structure

A standardized formula for scientific writing, including introduction, methods, results, and discussion.