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What is oogenesis?
The formation and development of the oocyte (female gamete) from oogonia.
What process initiates oogenesis?
The process is initiated before birth.
How many oocytes does a female have at puberty?
Approximately 300,000 oocytes.
What is menarche?
The first menstrual period, occurring around age 12-13.
What is menopause?
The cessation of menstruation, typically occurring in the early 50s.
What hormone does the anterior pituitary release in response to GnRH?
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) and LH (Luteinizing Hormone).
What does LH surge trigger?
It triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum.
What are polar bodies?
Byproducts of oocyte development that undergo atresia.
What is the purpose of granulosa cells in ovarian follicles?
They produce estradiol and provide support for oocyte development.
What is the average cycle length of the menstrual cycle?
Approximately 28 days.
What phase occurs after ovulation?
Luteal phase.
What happens during the secretory phase?
Endometrial maturation occurs, and glands become secretory.
What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur?
It involutes, leading to a decrease in progesterone and estradiol.
What is estradiol's role in the menstrual cycle?
It assists in follicle growth and promotes endometrial growth.
What layer of the uterine wall is shed during menstruation?
The endometrium.
What triggers the recruitment of primordial follicles?
Influence of GnRH (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone).
How many ovaries typically ovulate each cycle?
One dominant follicle per cycle.
What hormonal feedback mechanism occurs during the follicular phase?
Negative feedback from estradiol reduces FSH secretion.
Define the cyclic nature of the female reproductive cycle.
Regular changes that prepare the oocyte for fertilization and the endometrium for implantation.
What triggers menstruation?
The drop in progesterone and estradiol levels, leading to endometrial breakdown.
What is atresia in the context of oogenesis?
The degeneration of oocytes that do not complete development.
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