States of Matter & the Water Cycle ~ Study Guide [Review 2025 ~ Team O]

Which type of change occurs when the starting state is a liquid and the ending state is a gas? This happens around 100 degrees Celsius.

evaporation [boiling]

Which type of change occurs when the starting state is a gas and the ending state is a liquid?

condensation

Evaporation occurs as water molecules __________ energy and it occurs at the surface of a liquid. Water is changing from a liquid to a gas.

An example of evaporation is air drying your wet hair.

absorb

________________ occurs as water molecules slow down changing from a gas to a liquid.

One example is when your breath clouds up a cold window.

Another example is when clouds form due to water vapor in the air condensing into visible water droplets or ice crystals

Condensation

____________ is the only substance on Earth that commonly exists in all of its different states (solid, liquid, or gas).

Water

The percentage of the Earth's water that is fresh water is ______?

3%

The energy for the water cycle originally comes from the ____________.

sun

Water that falls to the Earth as rain, snow, sleet , or hail is called ______________. Water is returned to the Earth's surface from the atmosphere.

precipitation

The four factors that affect the rate (speed) of ___________ are temperature, surface area, humidity, and wind speed.

evaporation

The rate of evaporation ______________ with an increase in temperature.

increases

The amount of water vapor present in the air is called humidity. The rate of evaporation ____________ with an increase in humidity.

decreases

The rate of evaporation ______________ with an increase in surface area.

increases

Evaporation increases with an ______________ in wind speed.

increase

The process(es) of evaporation, precipitation, and condensation are involved with the _____________.

water cycle

_____________ can exist in different states such as solid, liquid, and gas.

Matter

Which phase of matter holds its shape and has a fixed volume?

solid

Which phase of matter has definite volume, but no definite shape?

A __________ will take the shape of a container.

liquid

Which phase of matter has no definite volume and no definite shape? A __________ will expand to fill any container and it can also be compressed.

gas

Water in the _______ phase is called water vapor.

gas

What happens to water at 0°C (32°F)?

It freezes

Which phase of matter is found in stars?

plasma

When water freezes into ice, energy is __________ into the surroundings

released

The _________ point for water is 212°F/100°C. This is when water changes to gas by heating.

boiling

Salt ___________ the freezing point of water.

Example: Salt is placed on the roads in the winter to keep the snow/water from freezing or turning into ice.

lowers

When water is a solid, the water molecules __________ (speed up/slow down) because they don’t have a lot of energy.

slow down

When water is shifting to a liquid or gas, the water mokf

speeds up

Plants release water vapor [evaporation] through their leaves through __________.

transpiration

The process when a solid changes directly to a gas is referred to as _____________. Example: Dry ice goes through this process.

sublimation