Modern Biology - 1stQ Prelim

Biosphere

Part of earth that sustains life where organism interact with each other together with the physical environment that surrounds things

food, clothing, shelter, health, fuel

Human requirements

Organ System Level

organization with organs functioning as a single organized

population level

composed of organism of the

community level

composed varied population

Ecosystem

composed of interacting varied communities of organism

biosphere

all organism in the world

Food

are made directly from living things or indericetly from the products of organism

clothing

made from biological products

molecular level

atoms and molecules are the simplest parts of the living system

cellular level

cell is the smallest unit of the life capable of carrying out all the functions of living things

tissue level

tissue is a group of cells performing a specific function in a multicellular organism

organ level

an organ is a group of different tissues that function together for a special purpose

anatomy

physical structure of humans or other animals

botany

structure and function of plants

cytology

structure and function of cells

ecology

relationships among organism and their environments

ethology

animal behavior

genetics

heredity

immunology

the body defenses against disease and foreign substances

microbiology

microscopic organisms

molecular biology

the chemical process within cells

physiology

the functions of organs and organ system

taxonomy

the scientific classification and naming of organism

zoology

the structure and function of animals

monera

the bacteria and the cyanobacteria

protista

include the plantlike protist and the animal like protists

fungi

unlike true plants, lack chlorophyll and therefore cannont manufaccture their own food

microscope

are use to study organism that are too small to be see with the unaided eye

light microscope

focuses light into specimen using a mirror or a light bulb that can magnify up to 1500x

electron microscope

uses beam of electron to create an image that is about 1000 times better that light microscope

computers

have revolutionized the work of biologist by its ability to store and use large amounts of information and analyze data

electrophoresis

molecules of mixture are separated accoding to their shapre, size, and electrical charge

cell fractionation

a centrifuge is used to separate mixtures by spinning them at various speeds

chromatography

the components of a mixture of a gas or liquid can be separated

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur

Macro elements

CHONPS

carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, amino acids

macro molecules

CPLA

Eukaryotic cell

w/ nuckus membrane

prokaryotic cell

has no nucleus membrane