Competition

Intraspecific competition

Competition between individuals of the same species (e.g., negative density-dependence)

Interspecific competition

Competition between individuals of different species (-/-)

Interference competition

Competition involving active suppression or aggression, such as territoriality or allelopathy

Preemption

Competition where sessile organisms occupy space, preventing others from establishing

Competitive Exclusion Principle

The principle that complete competitors (with same resource requirements) cannot coexist

Fundamental niche

The multidimensional space defining the environmental conditions under which a species can survive

Realized niche

The portion of the fundamental niche that a species actually exploits due to biotic interactions

Niche partitioning

The division of resources or habitats to allow coexistence (e.g., warblers utilizing different parts of a tree)

Competitive release

The expansion of a species' range or niche when a competitor is removed

Character displacement

Differences among similar species are accentuated in regions where they co-occur to minimize competitio