Anatomy of Trachea and Bronchial Tree

Trachea - Structure

A rigid tube about 10-11 cm long, anterior to the esophagus, beginning at the cricoid cartilage.

Trachea - Bifurcation

Occurs at the sternal angle (T4-T5), dividing into the right and left main bronchi

Bronchial Tree - Function

• Conducts air to and from the lungs, filtering and humidifying the air

• Lined with goblet cells that secrete mucus and ciliated epithelial cells that help trap and expel particles.

Acinus

• Functional respiratory unit where gas exchange occurs, consisting of bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli