BSNL 2513 - Week 1

Statistics

Refers to the methodology for the collection, presentation, and analysis of data, and includes the usage of such data.

Vital Statistics

Are data on births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and the prevalence of diseases.

Social Statistics

Are numerical data on housing, education, social security, and welfare.

Business/Economic Statistics

Are numerical data on employment, production, prices, and sales.

Statistics and Nursing

- Patient Care and Outcomes

- Medication Administration

- Public Health and Epidemiology

- Patient Education

- Research and Development

- Resource Management

- Patient Satisfaction and Quality of Life

Population

Consists of all potential observations or measurements under consideration.

Sample

Is a set of observations taken from a given population and is a subset of the population.

Variable

Is a characteristic that may take on different values at different times, places, or situations.

Observation/Measurement

Are the different values of a variable that one observes (or measures).

Data

Is information collected for any statistical study.

Time Series (Longitudinal) Data

Is data collected over a period of time

Cross-Sectional Data

Data collected at one point in time.

Experimental and Nonexperimental Data

Experimental studies (control, randomization), or nonexperimental studies (observational).

Descriptive Statistics

Focuses on collecting, organizing, presenting, and describing a given set of data without going any further; that is, without attempting to infer anything that goes beyond the data itseelf.

Statistical Inference

Focuses on analyzing sample data for the purpose of gaining some understanding of the population from which the sample was drawn.

1 multiple choice option

Nominal Level

Uses numbers only to name categories to which observations belong.

Ordinal Level

Includes categories that can be rank ordered.

1 multiple choice option

Interval Level

The distances between intervals of the scale is numerically equal, however there is no absolute zero.

Ratio Level

Is the highest form of measurement; with numerically equal intervals on the scale and has an absolute zero point, where at zero the property is absent, such as zero weight, meaning the absence of weight.

Continuous Variables

Variables measures at the interval and ratio level. Data obtained from this level can usually be analyzed with parametric statistics.

Non-Parametric Statistics

Are conducted to analyze nominal and ordinal levels of data to describe variables, examine relationships among variables, and determine differences between groups in distribution-free or non-normally distributed samples.

1 multiple choice option

Parametric Statistics

Are conducted on interval and ratio levels of data to describe variables, examine relationships among variables, and determine differences among groups.

1 multiple choice option