Anatomical Terms Flashcards

Flashcards based on Anatomy Lecture Notes

Anatomy

Science dealing with the structure of the human body.

Anatomy's role

The foundation of the art of medicine and dentistry.

What is the etymology of the word 'anatomy'?

Up (ana) + cut (tome) = cutting up

Gross (cadaveric) anatomy

Study of structures on embalmed dead bodies

How can Gross anatomy be studied?

Region wise and Systemic wise

Name a method to study living anatomy

Inspection, palpation, auscultation, endoscopy

Radiological methods to study living anatomy

Radiography and ECG

Histology/Microscopic Anatomy

Study of tissues with the aid of a microscope.

Embryology (Developmental Anatomy)

Study of prenatal developmental changes.

Neuroanatomy

Study of the structure and organization of the nervous system.

Surface anatomy (Topographic anatomy)

Study of deep body parts in relation to the skin surface.

Applied (Clinical) Anatomy

Application of anatomical knowledge to medical and surgical practice.

Anatomical Position

Standing straight, eyes forward, arms by the side, palms forward, feet together.

Supine Position (Recumbent)

Lying on the back, arms by the side, palms facing upwards.

Prone Position

Lying on the face, chest, and abdomen.

Lithotomy Position

Lying on the back with legs up and feet supported.

Median / Mid Sagittal Plane

Plane dividing the body into right and left halves.

Sagittal Plane

Plane parallel to the median plane.

Coronal Plane

Plane at right angles to the sagittal plane, dividing the body into anterior and posterior halves.

Transverse Plane

Plane at right angles to sagittal & coronal planes.

Anterior (Ventral)

In front, nearest to the front surface of the body.

Posterior (Dorsal)

Behind, near to the back surface of the body.

Superior (Cranial/Cephalic)

Towards the head.

Inferior (Caudal)

Nearer to the feet.

Medial

Nearer to the median plane.

Lateral

Away from the median plane.

Proximal

Nearer to the trunk/point of origin.

Distal

Away from the trunk/point of origin.

Superficial

Towards the surface.

Deep

Farther from the surface.

Flexion

Decrease in angle between articulating bones.

Extension

Increase in angle between articulating bones.

Abduction

Moving away from the median plane.

Adduction

Moving toward the median plane.

Protrusion

Moving forward (anteriorly).

Retraction

Moving backward (posteriorly).